Characteristics of the 11th wave by SARS-CoV-2 KP.3 subvariant: Re-increase in pneumonia severity

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Respiratory investigation Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-19 DOI:10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.001

Naoyuki Miyashita , Yasushi Nakamori , Makoto Ogata , Naoki Fukuda , Akihisa Yamura , Tomoki Ito

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Abstract

Objectives

We investigated the incidence and risk factors for requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in pneumonia patients with Omicron subvariants between the 9th and 11th waves.

Methods

We analyzed 536 patients with pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants (175 cases were XBB lineage, 169 cases were JN.1, and 192 cases were KP.3 subvariants).

Results

Rates of ICU admission or requirement for IMV were significantly higher in patients with the KP.3 subvariant group than those with the XBB lineage and JN.1 subvariant groups. Patient age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, P < 0.001), immunodeficiency (OR: 2.82), 2 or more co-morbid illnesses (OR: 2.54), and more than 2 years since last vaccination (OR: 1.29) were significantly associated with increased severity.

Conclusions

Physicians should recommend SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and positive use anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs when COVID-19 is found in patients who are ≥65 years old or who have multiple comorbidities.

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SARS-CoV-2 KP.3亚型第11波特征：肺炎严重程度再次增加

目的探讨第9波至第11波奥米克隆亚变异肺炎患者需要重症监护病房（ICU）或有创机械通气（IMV）的发生率和危险因素。方法对536例SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚型肺炎患者进行分析，其中XBB亚型175例，JN.1亚型169例，KP.3亚型192例。结果KP.3亚型组患者的ICU住院率或IMV要求明显高于XBB和JN.1亚型组。患者年龄(优势比[OR]: 1.09, P <；0.001)、免疫缺陷（OR: 2.82）、2种或2种以上合并症（OR: 2.54）以及上次接种疫苗超过2年（OR: 1.29）与严重程度增加显著相关。结论年龄≥65岁或合并多种合并症的患者应推荐接种新冠肺炎疫苗并积极使用抗新冠肺炎药物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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