Why do lipid nanoparticles target the liver? Understanding of biodistribution and liver-specific tropism.

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Molecular Therapy-Methods & Clinical Development Pub Date : 2025-02-15 eCollection Date: 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1016/j.omtm.2025.101436

Mahboubeh Hosseini-Kharat, Kristen E Bremmell, Clive A Prestidge

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are now highly effective transporters of nucleic acids to the liver. This liver-specificity is largely due to their association with certain serum proteins, most notably apolipoprotein E (ApoE), which directs them to liver cells by binding to the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on hepatocytes. The liver's distinct anatomy, with its various specialized cell types, also influences how LNPs are taken up from the circulation, cleared, and how effective they are in delivering treatments. In this review, we consider factors that facilitate LNP's effective liver targeting and explore the latest advances in liver-targeted LNP technologies. Understanding how LNPs are targeted to the liver can help for effective design and optimization of nanoparticle-based therapies. Comprehension of the cellular interaction and biodistribution of LNPs not only leads to better treatments for liver diseases but also delivers insight for directing nanoparticles to other tissues, potentially broadening their range of therapeutic applications.

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来源期刊

Molecular Therapy-Methods & Clinical Development Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

4.30%

发文量

163

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： The aim of Molecular Therapy—Methods & Clinical Development is to build upon the success of Molecular Therapy in publishing important peer-reviewed methods and procedures, as well as translational advances in the broad array of fields under the molecular therapy umbrella. Topics of particular interest within the journal''s scope include: Gene vector engineering and production, Methods for targeted genome editing and engineering, Methods and technology development for cell reprogramming and directed differentiation of pluripotent cells, Methods for gene and cell vector delivery, Development of biomaterials and nanoparticles for applications in gene and cell therapy and regenerative medicine, Analysis of gene and cell vector biodistribution and tracking, Pharmacology/toxicology studies of new and next-generation vectors, Methods for cell isolation, engineering, culture, expansion, and transplantation, Cell processing, storage, and banking for therapeutic application, Preclinical and QC/QA assay development, Translational and clinical scale-up and Good Manufacturing procedures and process development, Clinical protocol development, Computational and bioinformatic methods for analysis, modeling, or visualization of biological data, Negotiating the regulatory approval process and obtaining such approval for clinical trials.