Flower-like amorphous metal–organic-frameworks-based hybrid-solid-state electrolyte for high-performance lithium–metal battery†

Abstract

A flower-like porous amorphous Cu-aMOF-based SSE exhibits an ionic conductivity of 1.61 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 30 °C, a high lithium ion transference number of 0.71, and enables uniform Li deposition for 4000 h at 0.1 mA cm⁻², demonstrating excellent cycling and rate performance. Compared to traditional crystalline Cu-MOF (1.18 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹, 0.46, 1900 h), it shows significant improvements, highlighting the potential of amorphous MOFs with continuous structures, abundant defects, and more active sites as novel electrolyte materials for high-performance lithium–metal batteries.