“Geochemical assessment of trace metal contamination in marine sediments after Cyclone Fengal: Implications for human health in the offshore region of Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India”

Abstract

We present a detailed analysis of sediment fractions (clay, sand, and silt) for trace metal (Cr, Pb, and Zn) contamination post Cyclone Fengal from this study. It strengthens our knowledge of sediment quality and behavior of metals in coastal environments. However, based on enrichment factors (EF) and geoaccumulation indices (Igeo), the data indicate ranges from no enrichment to severe enrichment in relation to baseline values. In contrast to this, the lower pollution levels, as indicated by the sampling sites, are associated with lower contamination factors (CF) and pollution load indices (PLI).The results suggest that organic matter content (total organic carbon, TOC) and sediment composition (sand, clay, and silt fraction) are the most important drivers of trace metal geochemical behavior. Using a Potential Environmental Risk Index (PERI), key environmental risk hotspots in marine ecosystems were identified. These results illustrate trace metals as important environmental stressors and health threats but emphasize the need for accommodations when designing more direct mitigation strategies. Fixing the threat from environmental degradation and better pollution mitigation strategies for the coastal urban dwellers, this study is an important step towards sustainable coastal resource management in Tamil Nadu.