[Localized soft tissue sarcomas].

Abstract

Soft tissue sarcomas are rare malignant tumors originating from mesenchymal tissue. They are mostly located in the extremities, followed by the trunk and retroperitoneal regions. The group of soft tissue sarcomas comprises over 80 distinct histological subtypes, each with unique biological characteristics, with liposarcomas and leiomyosarcomas being the most frequent subtypes. In the clinical practice the algorithm from image, biopsy and (sarcoma) board has become established for the diagnostics of any soft tissue space-occupying lesion exceeding 3 cm in size. This enables the planning of a wide R0 resection, which can be defined as the standard for sarcoma surgery. For locally advanced and/or frequently metastasizing tumors, (neo)adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy are usually indicated. Patients benefit from a sarcoma board to determine the treatment strategy. After treatment, clinical and radiological follow-ups should be conducted every 3-6 months, depending on the grade of the primary tumor.