Performance of nanoparticle MgO/TiO2 nanofluids with Pure bore: insight into statistical and analytical approach

Abstract

On a global basis, the utilization of metallic nanoparticles for improving residual oil recovery has grown dramatically, and nanofluids are widely used in hydrocarbons containing reservoirs to promote the recovery of hydrocarbons. An experimental study was conducted at nominal salinity (NaCl 2.0 wt%) to examine the significance with the addition of magnesium oxide (MgO) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) with Pure bore produced nanofluid to improve the recovery of oil that was further validated with statistical analysis. The experimental study used particle size analysis in conjunction with TDS, pH, EDX, FTIR, and XRD of MgO and TiO₂ to completely comprehend the nanofluid. To get insight into structure, the microstructure of MgO, TiO₂, and nanofluid was examined. The effect of Pure bore concentration (0.10–0.50wt%) with MgO and TiO₂ concentrations (0.05–0.40wt%) in brine solution (NaCl 2.0wt%) with Pure bore. Analysis of the stability of the nanofluid was aided by the microscopic analysis and validated with statistical analysis using CCD. Additionally, the outcome of pH, viscosity, and salt was investigated. The optimum concentrations of the nanofluid MgO 0.10 wt%, TiO₂ 0.10 wt%, and Pure bore 0.40 wt% were attained at low–medium-salinity conditions (NaCl 2.0 wt%). Its suitability for use in minimal–moderate reservoirs was further validated through 2D contour map, interaction plot, and surface plot with CCD in MINITAB software. It can be noted that nanofluid prepared with Pure bore (0.40 wt%) with TiO₂ (0.10 wt%) marks better results and can be applied in low-salinity (NaCl 2.0 wt%) reservoirs to improve oil recovery.