Hydrovoltaic technologies for self-powered sensing and pollutant removal in water and wastewater: a review

IF 15 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Environmental Chemistry Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI:10.1007/s10311-025-01836-5

Shipu Jiao, Yushi Jin, Eric Lichtfouse, Xiaohong Zhou

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Abstract

Carbon emissions from the water and wastewater treatment sector account for about 2% of global carbon emissions, calling for the integration of sustainable energies to decrease carbon footprints. Here we review the use of hydrovoltaic technologies in water and wastewater treatment, with emphasis on the hydrovoltaic effect, self-powered sensors, and pollutant removal. The hydrovoltaic effect can be obtained using moisture-induced hydrovoltaic generators and water evaporation-induced hydrovoltaic generators. Strain, pressure, humidity, gas, and liquid sensors can be powered by hydrovoltaic generators. Remarkably, the hydrovoltaic technology-driven liquid sensors can reach a detection limit of 1 femtomolar. The hydrovoltaic technology reduces pollution in two ways, first by generating electricity from environmental moisture and evaporation, thereby reducing fossil fuel dependency. Second, it takes advantage of the photocatalytic properties of materials to decompose organic matter during water treatment, thus minimizing the usage of chemical reagents. Applications comprise wastewater power generation, seawater desalination and organic matter degradation.

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来源期刊

Environmental Chemistry Letters 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

32.00

自引率

7.00%

发文量

175

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Chemistry Letters explores the intersections of geology, chemistry, physics, and biology. Published articles are of paramount importance to the examination of both natural and engineered environments. The journal features original and review articles of exceptional significance, encompassing topics such as the characterization of natural and impacted environments, the behavior, prevention, treatment, and control of mineral, organic, and radioactive pollutants. It also delves into interfacial studies involving diverse media like soil, sediment, water, air, organisms, and food. Additionally, the journal covers green chemistry, environmentally friendly synthetic pathways, alternative fuels, ecotoxicology, risk assessment, environmental processes and modeling, environmental technologies, remediation and control, and environmental analytical chemistry using biomolecular tools and tracers.