The association between air pollution and three types of diabetes: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

IF 6.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118080

Weicong Jiang , Huili Zhou , Guangbiao Xu , Meixian Zhang , Tao-Hsin Tung , Chengwen Luo

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Abstract

Background

Despite numerous meta-analyses showing an association between air pollutants and diabetes, there is considerable heterogeneity between studies.

Objectives

This study aims to evaluate the cumulative evidence regarding the association between air pollution and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) through systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Methods

Following the PRISMA 2020 guidance, a comprehensive review across three databases, including Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed, from inception to September 30, 2024. The quality of the included systematic reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. The research protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024594953).

Results

A total of 19 meta-analyses were identified in this review, including two articles investigating the impact of air pollution on T1DM, nine on T2DM, and ten on GDM. Due to limited data, no significant relationship between air pollution and T1DM was found. There is evidence that exposure to particulate matter (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) may significantly increase the risk of T2DM. However, meta-analyses concerning GDM exhibit a less consistent association between air pollution and GDM risk, which varies by pollutant and duration of exposure.

Conclusion

Results suggest that exposure to air pollution may increase diabetes risk to some extent, particularly for T2DM. However, due to limited available studies, further prospective cohort studies are warranted to elucidate the role of air pollutants in diabetes, particularly for T1DM. Additionally, understanding potential mechanisms by which air pollution affects diabetes is crucial for future investigations.

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空气污染与三种糖尿病之间的关系：系统综述和荟萃分析的综合综述。

背景：尽管大量的荟萃分析显示空气污染物与糖尿病之间存在关联，但研究之间存在相当大的异质性。目的：本研究旨在通过系统综述和荟萃分析，评估空气污染与1型糖尿病（T1DM）、2型糖尿病（T2DM）和妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）之间关系的累积证据。方法：根据PRISMA 2020指南，对Web of Science、Embase和PubMed三个数据库从成立到2024年9月30日进行全面回顾。使用AMSTAR 2工具评估纳入的系统评价的质量。该研究方案已在PROSPERO注册（CRD42024594953）。结果：本综述共确定了19项荟萃分析，包括2篇研究空气污染对1型糖尿病影响的文章，9篇研究2型糖尿病影响的文章，10篇研究GDM影响的文章。由于数据有限，未发现空气污染与T1DM之间存在显著关系。有证据表明，暴露于颗粒物（PM2.5和PM10）可能显著增加2型糖尿病的风险。然而，关于GDM的荟萃分析显示，空气污染与GDM风险之间的关联不太一致，该关联因污染物和暴露时间而异。结论：空气污染暴露可能在一定程度上增加糖尿病风险，特别是对2型糖尿病。然而，由于现有研究有限，需要进一步的前瞻性队列研究来阐明空气污染物在糖尿病，特别是T1DM中的作用。此外，了解空气污染影响糖尿病的潜在机制对未来的研究至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

1234

审稿时长

88 days

期刊介绍： Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety is a multi-disciplinary journal that focuses on understanding the exposure and effects of environmental contamination on organisms including human health. The scope of the journal covers three main themes. The topics within these themes, indicated below, include (but are not limited to) the following: Ecotoxicology、Environmental Chemistry、Environmental Safety etc.