Mechanisms of reactive intermediates formation in saline-alkali agricultural waters

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Water Research Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123540

Xinyi Wang , Jiyang Liu , Songyang Li , Yaqin Miao , Yuting Shen , Hu Cui , Shengnan Hou , Hui Zhu

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Abstract

Reactive intermediates (RIs) are critical in nutrient cycling and pollution mitigation, yet their behavior in salinized agricultural waters remains underexplored. This study investigates RIs formation in rice cultivation water from a typical saline-alkali region in China. Singlet oxygen was more pH-sensitive than hydroxyl radical (•OH), while triplet excited-state dissolved organic matter were more influenced by salinity. Steady-state •OH concentration ([•OH]_ss) correlated strongly with concentrations of nitrite ([NO₂^--N]) and nitrate ([NO₃^--N]), with photolysis of NO₂^- and NO₃^-, and DOM contributing 19.50 %, 6.93 %, and 73.57 % to •OH formation, respectively. [RIs]_ss positively correlated with fluorescence index and negatively with autochthonous index, indicating exogenous DOM as a major RIs source. Additionally, [•OH]_ss was linked to aromatic content and DOM molecular weight, highlighting the importance of DOM structure in •OH production. These findings clarify the formation pathways of RIs in saline-alkali waters, informing ecological restoration and environmental management.

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盐碱农业用水中活性中间体的形成机制

活性中间体（RIs）在养分循环和污染缓解中至关重要，但它们在盐碱化农业水域中的行为仍未得到充分研究。本文对中国典型盐碱区水稻栽培用水中RIs的形成进行了研究。单线态氧比羟基自由基（•OH）对ph更敏感，而三重态激发态溶解有机物受盐度的影响更大。稳态•OH浓度（[•OH]ss）与亚硝酸盐（[NO2—N]）和硝酸盐（[NO3—N]）浓度密切相关，其中NO2-、NO3-和DOM的光解作用对•OH形成的贡献分别为19.50%、6.93%和73.57%。[RIs]ss与荧光指数正相关，与本地指数负相关，表明外源DOM是RIs的主要来源。此外，[•OH]ss与芳香族含量和DOM分子量有关，突出了DOM结构在•OH生成中的重要性。这些发现阐明了盐碱水中RIs的形成途径，为生态修复和环境管理提供了依据。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.