How does physical exercise influence self-efficacy in adolescents? A study based on the mediating role of psychological resilience.

IF 3 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY BMC Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI:10.1186/s40359-025-02529-y

Bo Peng, Weisong Chen, Hongshen Wang, Ting Yu

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Abstract

Objective: This study explores the influence of physical exercise on self-efficacy in adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of psychological resilience. By analyzing direct and indirect pathways, the study provides insights into the psychological mechanisms linking physical activity and self-efficacy.

Method: Data were collected from 1,613 adolescent participants across 15 provinces in China using validated questionnaires to measure physical exercise, psychological resilience, and self-efficacy. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test direct and mediated effects, while multi-group invariance testing examined gender differences.

Results: Physical exercise significantly predicts both psychological resilience (β = 0.410, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.220, p < 0.001). Psychological resilience positively predicts self-efficacy (β = 0.417, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that psychological resilience partially mediates the relationship between physical exercise and self-efficacy, contributing 43.85% to the total effect. Multi-group analysis confirmed structural invariance across genders.

Conclusion: Physical exercise enhances adolescents' self-efficacy both directly and indirectly through psychological resilience. It strengthens psychological resilience, which in turn boosts self-efficacy. These findings highlight the key role of physical activity in promoting resilience and building adolescents' confidence in their abilities.

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体育锻炼如何影响青少年的自我效能感？基于心理弹性中介作用的研究。

目的：探讨体育锻炼对青少年自我效能感的影响，重点研究心理弹性的中介作用。通过分析身体活动与自我效能之间的直接途径和间接途径，本研究为身体活动与自我效能之间的心理机制提供了新的见解。方法：对中国15个省份的1613名青少年参与者进行数据收集，采用有效问卷测量体育锻炼、心理弹性和自我效能感。结构方程模型（SEM）用于检验直接效应和中介效应，多组不变性检验用于检验性别差异。结果：体育锻炼对心理弹性和自我效能均有显著预测作用（β = 0.410, p）。结论：体育锻炼通过心理弹性直接和间接地提高了青少年的自我效能感。它能增强心理弹性，从而提高自我效能。这些发现强调了体育活动在促进韧性和建立青少年对自己能力的信心方面的关键作用。

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来源期刊

BMC Psychology Psychology-Psychology (all)

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

2.80%

发文量

265

审稿时长

24 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Psychology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers manuscripts on all aspects of psychology, human behavior and the mind, including developmental, clinical, cognitive, experimental, health and social psychology, as well as personality and individual differences. The journal welcomes quantitative and qualitative research methods, including animal studies.