Fiber-optic quantum gyroscope based on Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry

Abstract

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry with quantum states has emerged a crucial tool for precision measurement system. Here, a novel scheme for angular velocity measurement in a fiber-optic quantum gyroscope is proposed and demonstrated, based on Sagnac effect of frequency-entangled biphotons and incorporating a HOM interferometer. The time delay resulting from the rotation-induced Sagnac effect between the signal and idler photons generates a shift of HOM dip, which is proportional to the angular velocity. Consequently, a highly sensitivity and stability angular velocity measurement is achieved by monitoring the HOM dip. The sensitivity scale is measured to be $3.54\pm 0.08\mathrm{fs}/\left(\mathrm{rad}/s\right)$ which is equivalent to a minimally detectable angular velocity of $\left(28.25\pm 0.06\right)\times {10}^{-5}rad/s$ $\left(58.27\pm 0.12°/h\right)$ with a time delay of $1as$. The measurement stability of the continuous rotating system, in terms of time Allan deviation (TDEV), reaches $1.93\times {10}^{-3}\mathrm{fs}$ at an averaging time of 10,240 s. The corresponding angular velocity measurement stability reaches $55\times {10}^{-5}rad/s$. This scheme holds potential for advancing the development of high-performance optical quantum gyroscopes.