Improvements in Depressive Symptoms, Perceived Social Support, and Quality of Life Through an Educational Program in Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Frailty Phenotype: A Randomized Controlled Trial of the FRAGSALUD Project

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jagp.2025.02.014

Manuel Costilla M.Sc. , Juan Corral-Pérez Ph.D. , María Ángeles Vázquez-Sánchez Ph.D. , Laura Ávila-Cabeza-de-Vaca M.Sc. , Andrea González-Mariscal M.Sc. , Cristina Casals Ph.D.

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Abstract

Background

This study examined the impact of an educational program on depressive symptoms, cognitive function, social support, quality of life, and physical frailty among community-dwelling older adults with frailty or prefrailty.

Methods

In this 12-month multicenter randomized controlled trial, 199 frail/prefrail community-dwelling older adults were allocated into the intervention (n = 109) or the control (n = 90) group. The 6-month educational intervention focused on guidelines for physical activity, nutrition, cognition, and psychosocial well-being, while participants in the control group maintained their usual healthcare attendance. Changes in depressive symptoms (15-item Geriatric-Depressive-Scale, GDS-15), cognitive function (Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, SPMSQ), social support (Duke-University of North Carolina Functional Social Support Questionnaire, Duke-UNC-11), quality of life (3-level EuroQoL five-dimensional questionnaire visual analog scale, EQ-VAS, and index, EQ-Index), physical frailty (Short Physical Performance Battery, SPPB, and Fried's criteria) were evaluated after six months of intervention and six months of follow-up.

Results

After the follow-up, the intervention group improved the GDS-15 score (p <0.001), Duke-UNC-11 score (p <0.001), quality of life (EQ-VAS: p = 0.001, EQ-Index: p = 0.010), SPPB score (p <0.001), and reduced Fried's criteria (p <0.001) compared to the control group, which worsened Duke-UNC-11 score (p = 0.012) and EQ-Index (p <0.001). No significant changes in cognitive function were observed. Lastly, all significant changes in study variables after follow-up were significantly correlated with each other (p <0.05), indicating an interrelated evolution.

Conclusions

This 6-month educational program improved depressive symptoms, social support, quality of life, and physical frailty in community-dwelling frail and prefrail older adults, as observed after a 6-month follow-up.

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通过一项教育计划改善患有虚弱表型的社区居住老年人的抑郁症状、感知到的社会支持和生活质量：FRAGSALUD 项目随机对照试验》。

背景：本研究考察了教育计划对社区居住的虚弱或脆弱的老年人抑郁症状、认知功能、社会支持、生活质量和身体虚弱的影响。方法：在这项为期12个月的多中心随机对照试验中，199名体弱/体弱前期社区老年人被分为干预组（n = 109）和对照组（n = 90）。为期6个月的教育干预侧重于身体活动、营养、认知和社会心理健康的指导方针，而对照组的参与者则保持常规的医疗保健服务。抑郁症状（15项老年抑郁量表，GDS-15）、认知功能（简易便携式精神状态问卷，SPMSQ）、社会支持（杜克-北卡罗来纳大学功能性社会支持问卷，Duke-UNC-11）、生活质量（3级EuroQoL五维问卷视觉模拟量表，EQ-VAS和指数，EQ-Index）、身体虚弱（Short physical Performance Battery， SPPB）、和弗里德的标准)在六个月的干预和六个月的随访后进行评估。结果：随访后，干预组改善了GDS-15评分(p)。结论：经过6个月的随访观察，这一为期6个月的教育计划改善了社区居住的体弱和体弱老年人的抑郁症状、社会支持、生活质量和身体虚弱。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

4.20%

发文量

381

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry is the leading source of information in the rapidly evolving field of geriatric psychiatry. This esteemed journal features peer-reviewed articles covering topics such as the diagnosis and classification of psychiatric disorders in older adults, epidemiological and biological correlates of mental health in the elderly, and psychopharmacology and other somatic treatments. Published twelve times a year, the journal serves as an authoritative resource for professionals in the field.