In Situ Aminolysis of Fluoroethylene Carbonate Induced Low-Resistance Interphase Facilitating Extreme Fast Charging of Graphite Anodes

Abstract

Achieving extreme fast charging (XFC) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is essential for future battery applications, yet challenges remain in facilitating interfacial lithium-ion transportation across solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). While traditional SEI design prioritizes chemical composition, this study constructs an “ion-seepage” SEI framework accentuating the spatial distribution and arrangements of inorganic components via in-situ aminolysis reaction between fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and protic amines. This SEI architecture with tailored organic and nanoscale inorganic component distributions boosts interfacial Li⁺ transfer kinetics, ultimately enabling XFC and stable low-temperature cycling. Practical validation at the pouch-cell level exhibits excellent high-rate (up to 10C) performance, highlighting the great potential of protic amines in commercial extreme fast-charging LIBs. Moreover, this strategy exhibits considerable versatility, across various protic amines, electrolyte systems, and anode materials, providing a universal approach for developing XFC batteries and valuable insights for SEI design.