Performance analysis and optimization of Tesla turbine based on comprehensive operational and structural parameters

Abstract

The Tesla turbine shows great potential in small-scale energy utilization systems. Consequently, it is crucial to investigate methods for enhancing the Tesla turbine’s output performance. In response to the current situation of incomplete performance optimization process of Tesla turbine, a comprehensive analysis of its operational and structural parameters is conducted. To identify the optimal parameters and structure of the Tesla turbine in operation, a three-dimensional simulation model is developed, and the computational fluid dynamics method is employed for analysis. Additionally, a prototype of Tesla turbine is designed and manufactured, and experiments are conducted using compressed air to drive the Tesla turbine, thereby validating the reliability of the simulation model. In the study, output power and isentropic efficiency are regarded as optimization objective parameters, while key operational parameters including rotational speed, inlet pressure, and mass flow rate are also considered. The fundamental operating characteristics of the Tesla turbine are initially examined, followed by sequential analyses of the structural parameters including nozzle height, nozzle width, disc spacing, disc thickness, disc diameter, and the number of discs. Through the comprehensive optimization process, the Tesla turbine achieves significant performance improvements, resulting in an output power of 787 W and an efficiency of 32.1 %.