The Impact of Acoustic Wave Therapy on Viability and Differentiation Capacity of Human Adipose Stem Cells

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1111/jocd.70142

Sheila Veronese, Riccardo Ossanna, Sara Ghazanfar Tehrani, Paolo Bernardi, Sima Khabouri, Velia Cannone, Maria Maddalena Nicoletti, Mario Goisis, Andrea Sbarbati

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Abstract

Background

Acoustic Wave Therapy (AWT) is a particular shock wave treatment that combines focused and radial shock waves, resulting in particular efficiency in the body's superficial layers. Its application before fat grafting has the potential to enhance it, favoring a better result of the graft.

Aims

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of AWT on fat tissue.

Methods

Histological analysis of fat harvested from the abdomen of 40 subjects was evaluated. Twenty subjects had been pre-treated with AWT, while 20 had not. Extraction and characterization of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were performed for all. The multilineage differentiation capacity of extracted ADSCs and exosome extracellular vesicles' production from the fat samples were analyzed in both groups of specimens.

Results

All 40 specimens presented both preservation of the structure of the tissue and of the cells, particularly of adipocytes. The cell growth resulted higher for pre-treated samples. All ADSCs from all the samples were able to differentiate along adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages. In particular, for pre-treated samples, in the adipogenic lineage, a more advanced maturation phase was observed, and in the chondrogenic lineage, a chondroid matrix was evident around chondrocyte aggregates. All the samples reacted with exosome extracellular vesicles' production to stress.

Conclusions

The results highlighted that AWT aligns with the in-force minimal manipulation regulations, as the tissue and cells' structure and functionality were preserved. The types of differentiation observed permitted us to speculate about possible new applications in aesthetic and regenerative medicine.

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声波疗法对人脂肪干细胞活力和分化能力的影响

背景声波疗法（AWT）是一种特殊的冲击波治疗，结合了聚焦和径向冲击波，在身体的表层产生特别的效率。它在脂肪移植前的应用有可能增强它，有利于更好的移植结果。目的分析AWT对脂肪组织的影响。方法对40例腹部脂肪进行组织学分析。20名受试者接受AWT预处理，20名受试者未接受AWT预处理。对所有小鼠进行脂肪来源干细胞（ADSCs）的提取和表征。分析了两组脂肪样品中提取的ADSCs的多系分化能力和外泌体细胞外囊泡的产生。结果40例标本组织结构和细胞均保存完好，脂肪细胞保存最完好。预处理后的样品细胞生长速度更快。来自所有样本的所有ADSCs都能够沿成脂、成软骨和成骨谱系分化。特别是，对于预处理的样品，在成脂谱系中，观察到更先进的成熟阶段，在成软骨谱系中，软骨基质在软骨细胞聚集体周围明显。所有样品均与外泌体胞外囊泡的产生发生应激反应。结论AWT符合现行的最小操作规则，组织和细胞的结构和功能得以保留。观察到的分化类型使我们能够推测美学和再生医学中可能的新应用。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology DERMATOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

13.00%

发文量

818

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology publishes high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of cosmetic dermatology with the aim to foster the highest standards of patient care in cosmetic dermatology. Published quarterly, the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology facilitates continuing professional development and provides a forum for the exchange of scientific research and innovative techniques. The scope of coverage includes, but will not be limited to: healthy skin; skin maintenance; ageing skin; photodamage and photoprotection; rejuvenation; biochemistry, endocrinology and neuroimmunology of healthy skin; imaging; skin measurement; quality of life; skin types; sensitive skin; rosacea and acne; sebum; sweat; fat; phlebology; hair conservation, restoration and removal; nails and nail surgery; pigment; psychological and medicolegal issues; retinoids; cosmetic chemistry; dermopharmacy; cosmeceuticals; toiletries; striae; cellulite; cosmetic dermatological surgery; blepharoplasty; liposuction; surgical complications; botulinum; fillers, peels and dermabrasion; local and tumescent anaesthesia; electrosurgery; lasers, including laser physics, laser research and safety, vascular lasers, pigment lasers, hair removal lasers, tattoo removal lasers, resurfacing lasers, dermal remodelling lasers and laser complications.