Ashish C. Bhatia, Arisa Ortiz, Swati Kannan, Amir Moradi, Tina Fleck, Robert Love, Stacy Osborne
Background/Aims
Pigmentary problems are common and can arise from sun exposure, skin inflammation, changes in hormones, and certain medications. Because they are visible, these pigmentary problems can be very distressing for individuals, and they are often challenging to manage. Three studies were conducted, ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo.
Subjects/Methods
An in vitro study of brightening/lightening in skin models; an ex vivo skin study using Raman spectroscopy; and a 12-week clinical study of a novel complexion brightening serum with Tiered-Release Vesicle (CBS-TRV) delivery technology in adults with moderate to severe photodamage and uneven skin tone. Assessments included clinical grading, melanin and erythema measurements by Mexameter, digital imaging, and a patient self-assessment questionnaire. Standard safety and tolerability assessments were also performed.
Results
The in vitro 3D skin study showed that a 2 μL/cm2 application of CBS-TRV (the recommended and clinical application volume) slowed melanin production by 37.5% compared to untreated tissues after 2 weeks. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy provided evidence for tranexamic acid penetration into the epidermis of ex vivo human skin. Clinical grading revealed significant improvements at the majority of visits, which were accompanied by improvements of erythema index and melanin index on mexameter. In addition, subjects provided positive feedback regarding the clinical results as well as the formulation's aesthetics. Finally, the CBS-TRV product was safe and well tolerated.
Conclusions
The multiple active ingredients in CBS-TRV target melanogenesis in a variety of ways, and both in vitro and clinical studies demonstrated significant improvements in skin tone and pigmentation.
{"title":"In Vitro, Ex Vivo and Clinical Trial of Brightening Serum Using a Novel Delivery System on Subjects With Moderate to Severe Dyschromia","authors":"Ashish C. Bhatia, Arisa Ortiz, Swati Kannan, Amir Moradi, Tina Fleck, Robert Love, Stacy Osborne","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70686","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70686","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pigmentary problems are common and can arise from sun exposure, skin inflammation, changes in hormones, and certain medications. Because they are visible, these pigmentary problems can be very distressing for individuals, and they are often challenging to manage. Three studies were conducted, ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Subjects/Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An in vitro study of brightening/lightening in skin models; an ex vivo skin study using Raman spectroscopy; and a 12-week clinical study of a novel complexion brightening serum with Tiered-Release Vesicle (CBS-TRV) delivery technology in adults with moderate to severe photodamage and uneven skin tone. Assessments included clinical grading, melanin and erythema measurements by Mexameter, digital imaging, and a patient self-assessment questionnaire. Standard safety and tolerability assessments were also performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The in vitro 3D skin study showed that a 2 μL/cm<sup>2</sup> application of CBS-TRV (the recommended and clinical application volume) slowed melanin production by 37.5% compared to untreated tissues after 2 weeks. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy provided evidence for tranexamic acid penetration into the epidermis of ex vivo human skin. Clinical grading revealed significant improvements at the majority of visits, which were accompanied by improvements of erythema index and melanin index on mexameter. In addition, subjects provided positive feedback regarding the clinical results as well as the formulation's aesthetics. Finally, the CBS-TRV product was safe and well tolerated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The multiple active ingredients in CBS-TRV target melanogenesis in a variety of ways, and both in vitro and clinical studies demonstrated significant improvements in skin tone and pigmentation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jocd.70686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146125119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhu YJ, Chen HL, Huang JK, Cai XJ, Zhan BL. TWEAK increases angiogenesis to promote diabetic skin wound healing by regulating Fn14/EGFR signaling. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2024;23(12):4230–4238.
In Figure 3C, the specific cause was determined to be an error in file naming and batch export parameter settings during data processing and image export.
{"title":"Correction to “TWEAK increases angiogenesis to promote diabetic skin wound healing by regulating Fn14/EGFR signaling”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70721","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70721","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zhu YJ, Chen HL, Huang JK, Cai XJ, Zhan BL. TWEAK increases angiogenesis to promote diabetic skin wound healing by regulating Fn14/EGFR signaling. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2024;23(12):4230–4238.</p><p>In Figure 3C, the specific cause was determined to be an error in file naming and batch export parameter settings during data processing and image export.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jocd.70721","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146125135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Excessive sebum secretion leads to oily scalps, which can disturb microbial homeostasis and cause various scalp issues, such as sensitive scalp, dandruff, and seborrheic dermatitis.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of scalp lipids and microbiota in a group of females with excessive sebum secretion using omics technology, and to identify important relationships between feature lipids and dominant functional microbes on oily scalp.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Through comparison of three lipidomic sampling methods, we first selected absorbent paper (AP) as a cost-effective and practical method for untargeted lipidomic profiling. Using this method, we then collected scalp surface lipids from 85 Chinese female emerging adults with varying degrees of excessive sebum and performed internal standard quantified lipidomic profiling using UPLC-QE Plus-MS equipped with LipidSearch software version 5.1. Simultaneously, we collected and analyzed scalp microorganisms using PE150 pair-end metagenomic sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq platform followed by taxonomic and functional annotation with bioinformatic tools and databases. Afterwards, multivariate statistical analysis and bioinformatics were used to identify feature lipids related to high sebum levels, discern the roles of dominant microbes involved in lipid metabolism, and explore potential correlations between feature lipids and dominant functional microbes of oily scalp.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>After comparison of three lipidomic sampling materials, absorbent paper (AP) was selected to collect scalp surface lipids from 85 volunteers. A total of 13 lipid classes were annotated and the most abundant in ESI (+) mode was triacylglycerol (TG, 99.18%) whereas in ESI (−) mode were fatty acid (FA, 56.94%) and O-acyl-(gamma-hydroxy) FA (OAHFA, 34.15%). We identified 27 TGs and 3 FAs as the major lipid molecules contributing to high sebum levels. Seventy percent of these TGs were unsaturated (33% monounsaturated, 26% diunsaturated, 11% triunsaturated), and 30% were saturated. Meanwhile, we found that although the dominant microorganisms, <i>Cutibacterium</i>, <i>Lawsonella</i>, <i>Malassezia</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus</i> were all involved in lipid metabolism on the scalp, only some of them were related to the degree of sebum level and also displayed species-specific preferences for lipids. Among them, <i>Lawsonella clevelandensis</i> and <i>Malassezia globosa</i> were weakl
{"title":"Lipidomic and Metagenomic Profiling of Chinese Female Emerging Adults With Oily Scalp","authors":"Fang Yang, Baoyu Xiang, Dandan Xia, Yaoyao Wu, Xiaowei Chang, Peiwen Sun, Menghui Zhang, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70714","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70714","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excessive sebum secretion leads to oily scalps, which can disturb microbial homeostasis and cause various scalp issues, such as sensitive scalp, dandruff, and seborrheic dermatitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of scalp lipids and microbiota in a group of females with excessive sebum secretion using omics technology, and to identify important relationships between feature lipids and dominant functional microbes on oily scalp.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through comparison of three lipidomic sampling methods, we first selected absorbent paper (AP) as a cost-effective and practical method for untargeted lipidomic profiling. Using this method, we then collected scalp surface lipids from 85 Chinese female emerging adults with varying degrees of excessive sebum and performed internal standard quantified lipidomic profiling using UPLC-QE Plus-MS equipped with LipidSearch software version 5.1. Simultaneously, we collected and analyzed scalp microorganisms using PE150 pair-end metagenomic sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq platform followed by taxonomic and functional annotation with bioinformatic tools and databases. Afterwards, multivariate statistical analysis and bioinformatics were used to identify feature lipids related to high sebum levels, discern the roles of dominant microbes involved in lipid metabolism, and explore potential correlations between feature lipids and dominant functional microbes of oily scalp.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After comparison of three lipidomic sampling materials, absorbent paper (AP) was selected to collect scalp surface lipids from 85 volunteers. A total of 13 lipid classes were annotated and the most abundant in ESI (+) mode was triacylglycerol (TG, 99.18%) whereas in ESI (−) mode were fatty acid (FA, 56.94%) and O-acyl-(gamma-hydroxy) FA (OAHFA, 34.15%). We identified 27 TGs and 3 FAs as the major lipid molecules contributing to high sebum levels. Seventy percent of these TGs were unsaturated (33% monounsaturated, 26% diunsaturated, 11% triunsaturated), and 30% were saturated. Meanwhile, we found that although the dominant microorganisms, <i>Cutibacterium</i>, <i>Lawsonella</i>, <i>Malassezia</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus</i> were all involved in lipid metabolism on the scalp, only some of them were related to the degree of sebum level and also displayed species-specific preferences for lipids. Among them, <i>Lawsonella clevelandensis</i> and <i>Malassezia globosa</i> were weakl","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jocd.70714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146125127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skin care is widely regarded as a fundamental component of self-care. However, few studies have systematically evaluated the effects of structured skin care instruction on both objective parameters and subjective perceptions. This study aims to elucidate these effects through a controlled clinical investigation.
Methods
This clinical trial was conducted at the University of Tokyo Hospital between July and September 2023. Twenty-one healthy women aged 30–60 years applied a microneedle cream to the face for 8 weeks. They were randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which received skin care instructions from the start, or the control group, which received them after 4 weeks. Skin hydration, transepidermal water loss, viscoelasticity, and melanin content were assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 8. Subjective evaluations were obtained via structured questionnaires. Statistical analyses were conducted using Prism (version 10.2.3).
Results
At week 4, the intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in skin hydration (intracorneal water content: −0.98% ± 13.49% [control] vs. 14.06% ± 14.61% [intervention], p < 0.05) and elasticity (R7: −3.48% ± 10.36% [control] vs. 7.92% ± 10.29% [intervention], p < 0.05) compared to the control group. At week 8, melanin pigmentation was significantly reduced in the intervention group (Mark-Vu: 11.44% ± 26.67% [control] vs. −15.01% ± 11.10% [intervention], p < 0.05). Subjective assessments were consistent with these objective results, reflecting improved skin perception.
Conclusions
This is the first study to demonstrate that appropriate skin care practices can lead to the moisturizing, firming, and elasticity effects of a microneedle cream. These findings highlight the importance of proper product use in maximizing the efficacy of skin care interventions.
{"title":"Facial Skin Care Instruction by Medical Professionals Using Microneedle Cream: The 8-Week Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blinded for Examiners Trial in Asians","authors":"Toko Mori, Yurika Osuji, Ruriko Kawanabe, Takemichi Fukasawa, Jun Omatsu, Asako Yoshizaki, Takashi Yamashita","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70680","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70680","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Skin care is widely regarded as a fundamental component of self-care. However, few studies have systematically evaluated the effects of structured skin care instruction on both objective parameters and subjective perceptions. This study aims to elucidate these effects through a controlled clinical investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This clinical trial was conducted at the University of Tokyo Hospital between July and September 2023. Twenty-one healthy women aged 30–60 years applied a microneedle cream to the face for 8 weeks. They were randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which received skin care instructions from the start, or the control group, which received them after 4 weeks. Skin hydration, transepidermal water loss, viscoelasticity, and melanin content were assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 8. Subjective evaluations were obtained via structured questionnaires. Statistical analyses were conducted using Prism (version 10.2.3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At week 4, the intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in skin hydration (intracorneal water content: −0.98% ± 13.49% [control] vs. 14.06% ± 14.61% [intervention], <i>p</i> < 0.05) and elasticity (R7: −3.48% ± 10.36% [control] vs. 7.92% ± 10.29% [intervention], <i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the control group. At week 8, melanin pigmentation was significantly reduced in the intervention group (Mark-Vu: 11.44% ± 26.67% [control] vs. −15.01% ± 11.10% [intervention], <i>p</i> < 0.05). Subjective assessments were consistent with these objective results, reflecting improved skin perception.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first study to demonstrate that appropriate skin care practices can lead to the moisturizing, firming, and elasticity effects of a microneedle cream. These findings highlight the importance of proper product use in maximizing the efficacy of skin care interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>UMIN: UMIN000052080</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Perceived skin yellowness is a common skin concern among consumers in China. Existing cosmetic solutions focus on whitening and anti-aging, while the causes of perceived skin yellowness in young consumers are unclear. This study investigated how sebum amount and pore size influence the perception of skin yellowness in young Chinese consumers.
Methods
This study had two phases. Phase 1 involved capturing photographs and measuring skin parameters every 2 h over a 12-h period in Chinese women aged 18–35 years with dry (n = 31) or oily skin (n = 33). For Phase 2, representative images of four Phase 1 oily skin participants (two fair- and two dark-skinned) were modified using artificial intelligence (AI) gradient processing based on three test parameters: pore size, sebum amount, and pore size + sebum amount. Respondents (n = 200) assessed the test parameters' influence on skin yellowness using these images.
Results
In Phase 1, individual typology angle (ITA°) decreased as sebum production increased over the 12-h for both skin groups, with a stronger correlation in the oily skin group. In Phase 2, perceptions of skin yellowness increased with increasing sebum amount and pore size + sebum amount. This result was more prominent with dark skin tones. Pore size alone modestly affected perceived skin yellowness.
Conclusions
Sebum and, to a lesser extent, pore size increased the skin yellowness perception among young Chinese consumers. These findings enhance the understanding of skin yellowness in younger people and will aid in developing future cosmetic solutions for these concerns.
{"title":"The Impact of Sebum and Pore Size on Consumer Perceptions of Skin Yellowness Among Young Chinese Consumers","authors":"Sharon Shi, Linda Ruan, Bee Leng Lua","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70709","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70709","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Perceived skin yellowness is a common skin concern among consumers in China. Existing cosmetic solutions focus on whitening and anti-aging, while the causes of perceived skin yellowness in young consumers are unclear. This study investigated how sebum amount and pore size influence the perception of skin yellowness in young Chinese consumers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study had two phases. Phase 1 involved capturing photographs and measuring skin parameters every 2 h over a 12-h period in Chinese women aged 18–35 years with dry (<i>n</i> = 31) or oily skin (<i>n</i> = 33). For Phase 2, representative images of four Phase 1 oily skin participants (two fair- and two dark-skinned) were modified using artificial intelligence (AI) gradient processing based on three test parameters: pore size, sebum amount, and pore size + sebum amount. Respondents (<i>n</i> = 200) assessed the test parameters' influence on skin yellowness using these images.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Phase 1, individual typology angle (ITA°) decreased as sebum production increased over the 12-h for both skin groups, with a stronger correlation in the oily skin group. In Phase 2, perceptions of skin yellowness increased with increasing sebum amount and pore size + sebum amount. This result was more prominent with dark skin tones. Pore size alone modestly affected perceived skin yellowness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sebum and, to a lesser extent, pore size increased the skin yellowness perception among young Chinese consumers. These findings enhance the understanding of skin yellowness in younger people and will aid in developing future cosmetic solutions for these concerns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hair density influences overall attractiveness significantly. Although pre-existing classifications have been used to describe alopecia pattern and evaluate treatment efficacy, their accuracy is undesirable.
Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a stepwise and accurate graded visual scale regardless of sex and verify its application value in response to treatment efficacy.
Methods: Based on 6644 standard images, the seven-point grading scale for overall hair density was developed to describe alopecia extent. Reliability and validity studies were conducted to identify intra-rater and inter-rater consistency. Image J and Dermoscopy were introduced to quantify macro- and micro-hair characteristics and determine the gradient difference of the classification system. The sensitivity to treatment response was verified by one model trial to evaluate its application value.
Results: The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability revealed excellent agreement and consistency of the severity grading, independent of the time of evaluation and evaluator. Moreover, quantitative hair characteristics, including global exposed scalp area ratio, hair diameter, local hair density, vellus hairs ratio and vellus to terminal hairs ratio, were closely related to the corresponding grades. In the model trial, overall hair density evaluated by this scale has significantly improved in the test group, while there was no obvious change in the control group. The observed trend of the evaluation result was consistent with changes in the global exposed scalp area ratio and local hair density.
Conclusions: The new grading scale represents a reliable and objective indicator for a valid, reproducible, and sensitive evaluation of alopecia extent and treatment response.
{"title":"Development of a New Grading Scale for Evaluating Overall Hair Density.","authors":"Wanhua He, Junwei Tang, Jiahui Pan, Yanrui Gao, Wencai Jiang, Yimei Tan","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70710","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hair density influences overall attractiveness significantly. Although pre-existing classifications have been used to describe alopecia pattern and evaluate treatment efficacy, their accuracy is undesirable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to develop a stepwise and accurate graded visual scale regardless of sex and verify its application value in response to treatment efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on 6644 standard images, the seven-point grading scale for overall hair density was developed to describe alopecia extent. Reliability and validity studies were conducted to identify intra-rater and inter-rater consistency. Image J and Dermoscopy were introduced to quantify macro- and micro-hair characteristics and determine the gradient difference of the classification system. The sensitivity to treatment response was verified by one model trial to evaluate its application value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability revealed excellent agreement and consistency of the severity grading, independent of the time of evaluation and evaluator. Moreover, quantitative hair characteristics, including global exposed scalp area ratio, hair diameter, local hair density, vellus hairs ratio and vellus to terminal hairs ratio, were closely related to the corresponding grades. In the model trial, overall hair density evaluated by this scale has significantly improved in the test group, while there was no obvious change in the control group. The observed trend of the evaluation result was consistent with changes in the global exposed scalp area ratio and local hair density.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The new grading scale represents a reliable and objective indicator for a valid, reproducible, and sensitive evaluation of alopecia extent and treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":"e70710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12881707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Intradermal botulinum toxin injections have been shown to reduce sebaceous gland activity and improve skin texture in patients with oily and acne-prone skin. However, needle-based application is associated with discomfort and potential side effects.
Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of transdermal delivery of botulinum toxin (150 kDa) using Transdermal Application (TDA) technology for the treatment of oily and acne-prone skin.
Methods: In this single-center observational study, 19 participants (aged 20-50) underwent treatment with the DERMADROP MED TDA device according to the BIOBOTOX protocol. Objective assessments included Sebumeter measurements and 2D/3D skin imaging. Subjective evaluation was conducted using validated patient-reported outcome measures (OSIS, OSSAS) at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks posttreatment.
Results: A statistically significant reduction in sebum levels was observed, accompanied by notable improvements in self-reported skin clarity and satisfaction. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion: Transdermal application of botulinum toxin using TDA-based DERMADROP MED technology is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective noninvasive treatment modality for reducing sebaceous activity and improving the appearance of oily and acne-prone skin.
背景：皮内肉毒杆菌毒素注射已被证明可以减少皮脂腺活动，改善油性和痤疮易发皮肤患者的皮肤质地。然而，针头应用与不适和潜在的副作用有关。目的：评价经皮应用（TDA）技术经皮给药150 kDa肉毒毒素治疗油性和痤疮易发皮肤的临床疗效和安全性。方法：在这项单中心观察性研究中，19名参与者（年龄20-50岁）根据生物肉毒杆菌素方案接受了DERMADROP MED TDA装置的治疗。客观评估包括皮脂仪测量和2D/3D皮肤成像。在基线、治疗后2周和4周，使用经过验证的患者报告的结果测量（OSIS、OSSAS）进行主观评估。结果：观察到有统计学意义的皮脂水平降低，伴随着自我报告的皮肤清晰度和满意度的显着改善。无不良事件报告。结论：基于tda的DERMADROP MED技术经皮应用肉毒毒素是一种安全、耐受性良好、有效的无创治疗方式，可降低皮脂腺活性，改善油性和痤疮易发皮肤的外观。
{"title":"Transdermal Delivery of Botulinum Toxin for the Management of Oily and Acne-Prone Skin Using TDA Technology.","authors":"Stephanie Schulz, Sophie Lamprecht","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.70656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intradermal botulinum toxin injections have been shown to reduce sebaceous gland activity and improve skin texture in patients with oily and acne-prone skin. However, needle-based application is associated with discomfort and potential side effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of transdermal delivery of botulinum toxin (150 kDa) using Transdermal Application (TDA) technology for the treatment of oily and acne-prone skin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center observational study, 19 participants (aged 20-50) underwent treatment with the DERMADROP MED TDA device according to the BIOBOTOX protocol. Objective assessments included Sebumeter measurements and 2D/3D skin imaging. Subjective evaluation was conducted using validated patient-reported outcome measures (OSIS, OSSAS) at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks posttreatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant reduction in sebum levels was observed, accompanied by notable improvements in self-reported skin clarity and satisfaction. No adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transdermal application of botulinum toxin using TDA-based DERMADROP MED technology is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective noninvasive treatment modality for reducing sebaceous activity and improving the appearance of oily and acne-prone skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":"e70656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Wang, Lu Cheng, Jiaqi Zhang, Yi Qin, Qitian Fu, Xiaofeng Bai, Fengwei Qi, Fan Wu, Jie Yang, Yao Pan
Background
Xerosis, marked by a compromised skin barrier and disrupted lipid metabolism, leads to dryness, scaling, and itching. Ceramide and natural oil-based moisturizers can improve skin hydration and barrier repair, but their effects on lipid networks and microbiome interactions have not been well understood.
Methods
A multicenter, randomized, self-controlled study was conducted to assess the efficacy of a body lotion formulated with ceramides and natural oils in the management of xerosis. The lotion was applied daily to one leg for 4 weeks, with the other leg as a control. Skin radiance, skin scaliness, skin smoothness, stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss, and pH were measured at various intervals. Lipidomics and microbiomics analyses evaluated changes in lipid metabolism and microbial structure.
Results
The body lotion enhanced skin hydration, radiance, and smoothness, while decreasing TEWL and scaling. Lipidomics showed higher levels of essential lipids in the treatment group. Microbiome analysis revealed increased diversity, with more Firmicutes and Cutibacterium and less Proteobacteria, indicating improved skin barrier and microbial balance.
Conclusion
This body lotion effectively alleviates dryness, significantly improving skin hydration, barrier function, and texture. It achieves these benefits by restoring the skin's lipid balance and optimizing the microbial community, with lipid-microbiome crosstalk identified as a key mechanism. This multi-omics insight provides a foundation for the targeted management of dry skin.
{"title":"Comprehensive Evaluation of Body Lotion in Alleviating Xerosis: A Multi-Omics Approach to Lipid Metabolism and Microbial Community Modulation","authors":"Jun Wang, Lu Cheng, Jiaqi Zhang, Yi Qin, Qitian Fu, Xiaofeng Bai, Fengwei Qi, Fan Wu, Jie Yang, Yao Pan","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70711","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70711","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Xerosis, marked by a compromised skin barrier and disrupted lipid metabolism, leads to dryness, scaling, and itching. Ceramide and natural oil-based moisturizers can improve skin hydration and barrier repair, but their effects on lipid networks and microbiome interactions have not been well understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A multicenter, randomized, self-controlled study was conducted to assess the efficacy of a body lotion formulated with ceramides and natural oils in the management of xerosis. The lotion was applied daily to one leg for 4 weeks, with the other leg as a control. Skin radiance, skin scaliness, skin smoothness, stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss, and pH were measured at various intervals. Lipidomics and microbiomics analyses evaluated changes in lipid metabolism and microbial structure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The body lotion enhanced skin hydration, radiance, and smoothness, while decreasing TEWL and scaling. Lipidomics showed higher levels of essential lipids in the treatment group. Microbiome analysis revealed increased diversity, with more <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Cutibacterium</i> and less <i>Proteobacteria</i>, indicating improved skin barrier and microbial balance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This body lotion effectively alleviates dryness, significantly improving skin hydration, barrier function, and texture. It achieves these benefits by restoring the skin's lipid balance and optimizing the microbial community, with lipid-microbiome crosstalk identified as a key mechanism. This multi-omics insight provides a foundation for the targeted management of dry skin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12862197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selda Yıldırım Gençtürk, Muhammed Burak Yücel, Çağlar Gençtürk
{"title":"Effectiveness of Ozone Therapy in Botulinum Toxin-Induced Ptosis: Two Case Reports.","authors":"Selda Yıldırım Gençtürk, Muhammed Burak Yücel, Çağlar Gençtürk","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70729","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70729","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":"e70729"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12881708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss. The disease occurs in both sexes, with no racial or age-related predilection. Many patients experience spontaneous improvement and regrowth of hair, while some patients are resistant to common therapies and others progress to more severe forms of alopecia. The primary treatment for patchy and limited alopecia of the scalp and face is intralesional triamcinolone injection. Previous studies have also reported the efficacy of cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen), which promotes hair regrowth through mechanisms such as local vasodilation and targeting keratinocyte antigens.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>Since both modalities have been used independently, we aimed to evaluate the synergistic effect of both treatments in combination and compare it with triamcinolone injection alone.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>In this prospective, randomized, within-subject controlled trial, 22 participants with limited patchy alopecia affecting the scalp and face were enrolled. Each patient had symmetrical patches randomly assigned to two treatment modalities: one side received a combination of cryotherapy followed by an intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide (8 mg/mL for scalp and 4 mg/mL for face), while the contralateral side received intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alone. Treatments were administered in four consecutive sessions at 4-week intervals. The primary outcome was the assessment of hair loss severity using the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score for the scalp and the ALBAS score for the facial area, measured at each visit. Adverse events were evaluated throughout the treatment period.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Both treatment methods demonstrated a statistically significant difference in within-group analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, a comparison of the two treatments did not reveal any statistically significant superiority between the methods (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Additionally, no major adverse effects were observed.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>This study demonstrated that both combination therapy and triamcinolone injection are equally effective in treating alopecia. However, future research with a larger sample size, extended follow-up, and comparisons of trichoscopic findings is warranted.</p> </section> <
{"title":"Efficacy of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Combined With Cryotherapy Compared to Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Alone in Treating Limited Patchy Alopecia Areata of the Scalp and Face: A Prospective, Randomized, Within-Subject Controlled Trial","authors":"Sama Heidari, Reza Omid, Hanie Babaie, Fatemeh Hosseini, Navid Namakizadeh Esfahani, Zeinab Aryanian","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70667","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.70667","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss. The disease occurs in both sexes, with no racial or age-related predilection. Many patients experience spontaneous improvement and regrowth of hair, while some patients are resistant to common therapies and others progress to more severe forms of alopecia. The primary treatment for patchy and limited alopecia of the scalp and face is intralesional triamcinolone injection. Previous studies have also reported the efficacy of cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen), which promotes hair regrowth through mechanisms such as local vasodilation and targeting keratinocyte antigens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since both modalities have been used independently, we aimed to evaluate the synergistic effect of both treatments in combination and compare it with triamcinolone injection alone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this prospective, randomized, within-subject controlled trial, 22 participants with limited patchy alopecia affecting the scalp and face were enrolled. Each patient had symmetrical patches randomly assigned to two treatment modalities: one side received a combination of cryotherapy followed by an intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide (8 mg/mL for scalp and 4 mg/mL for face), while the contralateral side received intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alone. Treatments were administered in four consecutive sessions at 4-week intervals. The primary outcome was the assessment of hair loss severity using the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score for the scalp and the ALBAS score for the facial area, measured at each visit. Adverse events were evaluated throughout the treatment period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both treatment methods demonstrated a statistically significant difference in within-group analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, a comparison of the two treatments did not reveal any statistically significant superiority between the methods (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Additionally, no major adverse effects were observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrated that both combination therapy and triamcinolone injection are equally effective in treating alopecia. However, future research with a larger sample size, extended follow-up, and comparisons of trichoscopic findings is warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 <","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12862193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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