Enhancing electron transfer efficiency in microbial electrochemical systems for bioelectricity and chemical production

Abstract

Microbial electrochemical systems have emerged as promising platforms for chemical production and bioelectricity generation by utilizing cost-effective substrates. However, their performance is limited by the efficiency of both intracellular and extracellular electron transfer. This review systematically summarizes strategies to enhance electron transfer from a microbial perspective, including improvements in extracellular electron transfer, intracellular electron regeneration, and the establishment of electroactive microbial consortia. In addition, the working mechanisms and limitations of these strategies are analyzed. Furthermore, the potential applications of microbial electrochemical systems in bioelectricity production, chemical synthesis, and industrial-scale applications are explored. Finally, the current challenges of microbial electrochemical systems are discussed, and potential solutions are proposed to advance their practical applications.