Multi-components fluid in f(R, T) gravity with observational constraints

Abstract

In this paper, the accelerating expansion of the universe has been investigated in the multi-components fluid in the coupling of geometry with matter alternative theory f(R, T) gravity, where the gravitational Lagrangian is given by an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar R and of the trace of the stress-energy tensor T. To address the late-time accelerating universe, we solve the Friedmann equations via the nonzero divergence of the energy-momentum tensor considered in the presence of a multi-component fluid. The best-fit values of the model parameters are determined using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation using the cosmic chronometers (CC) dataset, which consists of 31 points and the recent Pantheon+ analysis of 1701 light curves of 1550 distinct Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) ranging in redshift from \(z = 0.001\) to 2.26. The trajectory of the deceleration parameter indicates that the universe has transitioned from a deceleration phase to an acceleration phase. We also look into the behavior of the jerk and snap parameters, the statefinder analysis, the om diagnostic, and the effective EoS parameter. It is shown that the model considered is consistent with the accelerating universe and the predictions of the quintessence model at present.