Plants can directly absorb carbon derived from deposition of wildfire smoke

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI:10.1007/s11104-025-07213-z

Xiaoyu Zhan, Ziyan Huang, Mulualem Tigabu, Pingxin Zhao, Yan He, Futao Guo

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Abstract

Aims

Wildfires produce large amounts of smoke and carbon emissions. The carbon-containing gases in the smoke combine with atmospheric water vapor and droplets to form wet deposition of smoke, which then settles into forest ecosystems. However, the impact of smoke-derived carbon on plant carbon absorption and allocation is still unclear. Understanding this phenomenon is of great significance for revealing the impact of forest fires on carbon input in forest ecosystems.

Methods

This study utilized ¹³C pulse-labeling technology to deposit ¹³C-containing smoke around the plant rhizosphere, investigated the absorption and allocation of smoke-derived carbon by Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings under different concentrations of smoke deposition treatments.

Results

The results showed that low smoke concentration deposition significantly (P < 0.001) promoted biomass production. The aeroponic-system was more conducive to underground growth, while the soil-culture system was more conducive to aboveground growth. Similarly, low smoke concentration deposition significantly (P < 0.001) increased the total carbon content. The wildfire-derived ¹³C content of various plant organs were higher for low than high smoke concentration treatment. Both the total carbon and wildfire-derived carbon contents of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were nearly equal. This indicates that plant roots directly absorb and allocate carbon from wildfires and transport it to the aboveground parts for internal cycling.

Conclusions

Plant growth and absorption of smoke derived carbon exhibited a concentration-dependent response to wildfire smoke deposition, with rhizosphere soils playing a minor role in carbon sequestration under wet smoke deposition. In summary, studying the absorption and allocation of smoke-derived carbon by plant roots is of great significance for understanding the function of forest ecosystems. In this context, our results provide valuable insights into the relationship between carbon cycling in forest ecosystems and wildfires.

Graphical abstract

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植物可以直接吸收来自野火烟雾沉积的碳

野火会产生大量的烟雾和碳排放。烟雾中的含碳气体与大气中的水蒸气和液滴结合，形成烟雾的湿沉积，然后沉淀到森林生态系统中。然而，烟源碳对植物碳吸收和分配的影响尚不清楚。了解这一现象对于揭示森林火灾对森林生态系统碳输入的影响具有重要意义。方法利用13C脉冲标记技术在植物根际周围沉积含13C的烟雾，研究不同浓度的烟雾沉积处理下杉木幼苗对烟源碳的吸收和分配。结果低烟浓度沉积显著（P < 0.001）促进生物质生产。气培系统更有利于地下生长，而土培系统更有利于地上生长。同样，低烟浓度沉积显著（P < 0.001）增加了总碳含量。低烟浓度处理的植物各器官13C含量均高于高烟浓度处理。根际土壤和非根际土壤的总碳和野火碳含量基本相等。这表明植物根系直接吸收和分配来自野火的碳，并将其输送到地上部分进行内部循环。结论植物的生长和烟源碳的吸收对野火烟雾沉降具有浓度依赖性，而根际土壤对湿烟沉降的碳吸收作用较小。综上所述，研究植物根系对烟源碳的吸收和分配对了解森林生态系统的功能具有重要意义。在这种情况下，我们的研究结果为森林生态系统中的碳循环与野火之间的关系提供了有价值的见解。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

8.20%

发文量

543

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.