Comprehensive review on green methods: Synthesis of benzothiazoles

Abstract

The study of heterocyclic compounds has consistently attracted the attention of chemists working on both synthetic and natural products. Benzothiazole (BTZ) is one of the most important fused heterocyclic motifs among the heterocyclic scaffolds containing nitrogen and sulfur. In recent times, medicinal chemists have focused more on the structurally distinct benzothiazole motifs with remarkable bioactivity in order to continuously develop new drug moieties. In recent decades, many methodologies have been developed for the construction benzothiazole derivatives as desired molecules and they have illustrated diverse biological activities, however, a lot of real synthetic techniques are not sustainable, necessitating the use of eco-friendly tactics. Therefore, to support future advancements in the quantity of benzothiazole-based lead molecules, understanding the green synthetic pathways towards the benzothiazole is very crucial. Accordingly, this review focused on the results of published work on the green methods for the synthesis of benzothiazoles. In this review, the latest developments in different green synthetic approaches of benzothiazole and its derivatives over the last ten years (2014–2024) were compiled.