Risk factors, complications, and mortality of percutaneous coronary interventions in Western Sudan during the 2023-2024 war.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a non-surgical procedure that opens restricted or blocked coronary arteries to restore cardiac blood flow. The study's goal was to investigate the risk factors, complications, and mortality rates associated with PCI procedures in Western Sudan during conflict time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted at El-Obeid International Hospital (Aldaman), North Kordofan, Sudan, from April 2023 to April 2024. All data referring to patients who had PCI at El-Obeid International Hospital's catheterization laboratory during the period from April 2023 to April 2024 were retrieved. RESULTS: Approximately 38% of patients were hypertensive, with 15.7% developing complications, which included 33.3% femoral hematoma, 16.7% pulmonary edema, and 50% acute kidney injury (AKI). Approximately 17% were smokers, but none suffered complications. About 35% of the patients were diabetic, and three of them had complications, including 33.3% femoral hematoma, 33.3% pulmonary edema, and 33.3% AKI. Based on the type of PCI, approximately 50% of the patients underwent primary PCI, with only 2% developing pulmonary edema. Only 3% of patients successfully completed the standard pharmaco-invasive procedure without any complications. Approximately 27% of our treatments were for patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), with four patients developing complications, including 50% femoral hematoma, 25% pulmonary edema, and 25% AKI. CONCLUSIONS: Despite Sudan's horrific situation, the outcome of PCI is positive, with few problems. The most common consequences of PCI at the western Sudan site were hematoma, pulmonary edema, and acute kidney injury.

Graphical abstract: https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/102-109.jpg.