European review for medical and pharmacological sciences最新文献

Following the publication of a previous Expression of Concern, the article "Clinical significance of serum hepcidin-25 levels in predicting invasive fungal disease in patients after transplantation" by Chen J, Zhong L published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17 (13): 1769-1773-PMID: 23852902 has been retracted in accordance with the Publisher and the Editor in Chief. The Expression of Concern was issued to alert readers to a potential ethical breach arising from the transplantation procedures described in the article, in line with concerns raised in the literature on transplantation ethics. The authors were contacted on multiple occasions and were asked to provide a detailed response addressing the ethical concerns, as well as documentation demonstrating approval by an appropriate ethics committee and compliance with applicable ethical standards. No response or supporting documentation was received. In accordance with the journal's editorial policies and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines, and in the absence of the requested information, the Journal has decided to retract the article. The authors did not respond to correspondence regarding this retraction. This manuscript has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/3998.

The Editor-in-Chief, in accordance with the Publisher, has retracted the following articles published between 2018 and 2020 on the grounds of figure duplication and manipulation, subsequent to concerns raised on PubPeer. The corresponding authors of all articles were asked to provide the original data, but no responses were received. This retraction notice pertains to the following articles and is carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE): Liu SD, Meng WX, Xu L, Chi C, Sun X, Liu HY. GAS5 promotes myocardial apoptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via upregulating LAS1 expression. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2018 Dec;22(23):8447-8453. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201812_16544. PMID: 30556886. Zhang HY, Li CH, Wang XC, Luo YQ, Cao XD, Chen JJ. MiR-199 inhibits EMT and invasion of hepatoma cells through inhibition of Snail expression. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 Sep;23(18):7884-7891. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201909_18998. PMID: 31599450. Meng J, Liu GJ, Song JY, Chen L, Wang AH, Gao XX, Wang ZJ. Preliminary results indicate resveratrol affects proliferation and apoptosis of leukemia cells by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 May;23(10):4285-4292. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17933. PMID: 31173300. Shi S, Yi JL. S100A8/A9 promotes MMP-9 expression in the fibroblasts from cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction by inducing macrophages secreting TNFα. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2018 Jun;22(12):3925-3935. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201806_15278. PMID: 29949169. Tan FZ, Dai HL. TAZ accelerates osteogenesis differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via targeting PI3K/Akt. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 Aug;23(3 Suppl):81-88. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201908_18633. PMID: 31389578. Yang RS, Wang YH, Ding C, Su XH, Gong XB. MiR-146 regulates the repair and regeneration of intervertebral nucleus pulposus cells via Notch1 pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 Jun;23(11):4591-4598. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201906_18036. PMID: 31210285. Sun HW, Yang GL, Wang SN, Zhang YJ, Ding JX, Zhang XN. MicroRNA-92a regulates the development of cutaneous malignant melanoma by mediating FOXP1. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 Oct;23(20):8991-8999. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201910_19299. PMID: 31696487. Shao JH, Yuan S, Qian QR, Zhu J. MicroRNA-183-5p suppresses the malignant progression of osteosarcoma via binding to AKT. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 Oct;23(19):8203-8210. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201910_19127. PMID: 31646550. He W, Qiao ZX, Ma B. Long noncoding RNA FAM201A mediates the metastasis of lung squamous cell cancer via regulating ABCE1 expression. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 Dec;23(23):10343-10353. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201912_19672. PMID: 31841188. These articles have been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.

Objective: The 60-item Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ), based on a traditional nine-constitution framework, has been widely used in China for health assessments. However, its length poses a practical barrier to its widespread clinical use. A previous study in Japan suggested that a five-constitution model was more optimal for the Japanese population and subsequently developed a simplified 18-item questionnaire. This study aimed to validate the structure of this five-constitution model and establish the standalone diagnostic accuracy of the 18-item questionnaire.

Materials and methods: This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional dataset comprising 851 healthy Japanese participants who completed the 60-item CCMQ. We first used hierarchical clustering (the NbClust package) on the 18-item data to determine the optimal number of clusters. We then used principal component analysis (PCA) to analyze the structure of the clusters. Finally, a decision-tree model was developed to classify participants based on the 18 items, and its performance was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation.

Results: Clustering analysis of the 18-item data confirmed that five was the optimal number of clusters. PCA revealed that the five groups were clearly separated along a primary "health axis". The decision-tree model, using only 18 items, successfully classified participants into five constitution types (a structure validated on the 18-item data itself), with an overall accuracy of 81.6% and a balanced accuracy of 81.3%.

Conclusions: The 18-item simplified questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument for constitutional assessment in Japan. This concise tool effectively retains the structural and predictive information of the original 60-item version, offering a practical solution for large-scale research and personalized health management in clinical settings.

Objective: Aluminum phosphide poisoning, a leading cause of pesticide-related deaths, has a 70-100% mortality rate and no specific antidote. Intravenous lipid emulsion showed promise in case reports, possibly by sequestering phosphine. This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of intravenous lipid emulsion in reducing mortality and improving outcomes in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning.

Materials and methods: This single-center, randomized, open-label trial enrolled 98 adults with confirmed aluminum phosphide poisoning. Patients received standard care plus intravenous lipid emulsion (20% emulsion, 250 ml bolus then 250 ml over 20 min) or normal saline placebo within 24 h. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.

Results: Baseline characteristics were similar (N=98; 48 intravenous lipid emulsion, 50 control). Intravenous lipid emulsion group mortality [22.9% (11/48)] was significantly lower than control [62.0% (31/50); relative risk 0.493, 95% confidence interval 0.335-0.725; p<0.001]. Intravenous lipid emulsion led to greater lactate reduction (-2.3 vs. -0.6 mmol/l; p<0.013) and bicarbonate increase (7.0 vs. 2.0 mmol/l; p<0.013). Survival was higher with intravenous lipid emulsion in fresh celphos (71.4% vs. 0%; p<0.001) and shock (50% vs. 0%; p=0.001) subgroups.

Conclusions: In this pilot trial, intravenous lipid emulsion as an adjunct to standard care significantly reduced mortality and improved metabolic parameters in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning, particularly in high-risk subgroups.

Objective: Several factors, as genetics, diet, and gut microbiota, are associated with the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Akkermansia muciniphila, an abundant bacterium in human microbiota, has anti-inflammatory properties and can correct metabolic disorders. The effects of the administration of inulin, a prebiotic which increases Akkermansia muciniphila gut levels, are unknown in subjects with T1D.

Materials and methods: 49 subjects with T1D, age 46 [37-53] years, 30 females (61%), duration of disease 20 [11-27] years, HbA1c 64 [59-72] mmol/mol, were randomized in group A (inulin 3 g twice daily for 3 months + insulin, n=24) and in group B (insulin alone, n=25). Body weight, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), daily insulin units, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics, and Bristol stool scale (BSS) score were collected at enrollment and after 3 months.

Results: After 3 months, subjects in group A showed a significant decrease in body weight [group A -2 (-3; 0) kg and group B 0 (-1; 1) kg, p=0.03] and daily insulin units [group A -1.5 UI (-3.1; 0) vs. group B 0.6 (0; 1.7), p=0.01]. After 3 months, changes in HbA1c and CGM were similar between groups. In both groups, there was no change in BSS score (p=0.39) nor in Akkermansia muciniphila gut levels.

Conclusions: Inulin was associated with a slight body weight decrease and insulin need reduction, but not with an increase in Akkermansia muciniphila levels. More studies are required to explore this issue.

Background: The introduction of new target therapies and immunotherapy combinations has dramatically improved the prognosis of cancer patients. Surgery and radiotherapy currently represent the cornerstones of loco-regional management, both for palliative and curative purposes. It is no coincidence, therefore, that in recent years the frequency of complications once considered rare has increased.

Case report: Here we present the case of a patient affected by metastatic bladder cancer whose treatments (surgery, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy) favored a rapid and acute onset of Fournier syndrome. The fulminant course prevented the establishment of a potentially effective treatment.

Conclusions: Fournier gangrene is an acute perineal necrosis caused by anaerobic bacteria. Management is complex and requires a quick multidisciplinary approach, even though, among cancer patients, mortality is very high.

Objective: Sleep disorders are a global issue, and sleep supplements and new devices for daily sleep status assessment are becoming widely available. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and L-theanine are dietary supplements commonly used to improve sleep. In this single-arm study, we examined whether combined intake of GABA (700 mg/day) and L-theanine (200 mg/day) improves sleep in adults with sleep problems.

Materials and methods: Participants received supplements for 4 weeks, and changes in sleep quality were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Furthermore, sleep-related data measured using the Fitbit Charge 5 were evaluated before and after supplement intake.

Results: We obtained results from 19 participants and found a significant improvement in the total PSQI score (mean ± standard deviation), from 9.42 ± 1.80 before to 6.26 ± 1.66 after supplement intake (mean difference, -3.15; 95% confidence interval, -4.01 to -2.31, p < 0.001). Sleep recovery scores, which are 25-point scores calculated from heart rate during sleep and at rest and the time of turning over in bed, also improved significantly (p = 0.042). Furthermore, heart rate during sleep decreased significantly (1.3 bpm decrease) in the first week of intake (p = 0.045).

Conclusions: Simultaneous intake of GABA and L-theanine may improve sleep in adults. As this hypothesis is based on an exploratory study, further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this finding.

The Editor in Chief and the Publisher are issuing an expression of concern regarding the following article: K.Z. Fouda, Z.A. Ali, R.T. Elshorbagy, H.M. Eladl. Effect of radial shock wave and ultrasound therapy combined with traditional physical therapy exercises on foot function and dorsiflexion range in plantar fasciitis: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27 (9): 3823-3832-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202305_32287-PMID: 37203806. Post-publication concerns have been raised regarding the statistical distribution of the baseline data reported in the randomized trial, specifically the unusually high similarity and low dispersion of baseline characteristics across the three study groups. The Journal has contacted the authors to request clarification and supporting information; however, no response has been received. As a result, the Editors are currently unable to fully assess the reliability of the study's findings. Pending clarification, readers are advised to interpret the results of this study with caution. This notice will be updated should further information become available. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/32287.

An Italian multidisciplinary team of pain management experts reviewed ibuprofen and paracetamol in combination for acute pain. Effective treatment of acute pain should target both inflammation and pain signaling to reduce suffering and prevent the development of persistent pain. The combination of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and paracetamol appears to be a logical choice: paracetamol primarily acts centrally, while NSAIDs inhibit the inflammation that perpetuates the pain response. Both drugs are rapidly absorbed, reaching maximal concentrations within 1-2 hours. Coadministration may enhance paracetamol absorption, leading to earlier onset of pain relief. The rate of drug interactions between ibuprofen and paracetamol is low, and the two do not directly interact with each other. Multiple studies and meta-analyses have shown that the combination is more effective than placebo or either drug used alone in relieving postoperative pain and reducing the need for rescue analgesia after surgery or acute musculoskeletal injury. The most commonly evaluated daily dosage was ibuprofen/paracetamol 400/1,000 mg. A single-pill combination of ibuprofen and paracetamol also reduces the incidence of persistent pain compared with other systemic analgesics, with an adverse-effect profile similar to, or better than, placebo or monotherapy. When prescribing ibuprofen/paracetamol, physicians should consider age, blood pressure, and concomitant medications, particularly aspirin and warfarin.

Objective: The aim of the present meta-analysis is to assess and quantify the effectiveness in the current clinical practice of double antithrombotic therapy (DAT) vs. triple antithrombotic treatment (TAT) regimens in patients affected by atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary artery stenting, complementing findings based on randomized clinical trials (RCT) with those based on observational studies and registries.

Materials and methods: Sixteen observational studies were retrieved through the PubMed database. Risk ratio (RR) and absolute risk reduction (RD) with 95% confidence interval, together with the number needed to treat (NNT), were computed to compare the examined endpoints (mortality, major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, stroke, and stent thrombosis).

Results: The meta-analysis on RR in DAT in comparison to TAT demonstrated a significant reduction in bleeding risk, as expected. On the contrary, a significant increase in the risk of overall and cardiovascular death and of stent thrombosis was shown. The RD and the derived NNT ruled out that, due to the lower incidence of the events, the real benefit of DAT vs. TAT was a reduction of 2 major bleeding cases every 100 treated patients. On the contrary, the overall and cardiovascular mortality was increased in DAT, with two more deaths every 100 treated patients.

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrates that, to be appropriate for use in clinical practice, guidelines must be based on solid scientific evidence from RCTs, complemented by observational studies that better represent real-world patients and treatment adherence. Furthermore, in case of rare events, RR can amplify the size of an effect that is clinically not relevant. Efficacy measures that take into account the low incidence of the event, such as RD and NNT, are desirable. Furthermore, the NNT allows for the direct quantification of the number of patients who benefit or suffer harm from the study treatment and should therefore be preferred.