European review for medical and pharmacological sciences最新文献

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects about one-fourth of the global adult population and is characterized by hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, low HDL (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) cholesterol, and high triglycerides and blood pressure. Its emergence in developed nations is linked to energy intake imbalances and sedentary lifestyles. There is a parallel between MetS and conditions marked by glucocorticoid excess, such as Cushing's syndrome (CS), sharing features like central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate the association between retroperitoneal fat area (RFA) and MetS components in patients undergoing laparoscopic lateral transabdominal adrenalectomy. While intra-abdominal visceral fat's role in MetS has been studied, the significance of RFA needs further exploration.

Patients and methods: The research involved 88 patients categorized into three groups: adrenal-dependent CS, subclinical CS (SCS), and nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma (NFA). Parameters, including body mass index (BMI), RFA, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile, and fasting glucose levels, were measured. The study used hormonal hypersecretion assessments, criteria for SCS diagnosis, and biochemical analyses. MetS components were determined based on established criteria, and RFA quantification used advanced imaging software on computed tomography (CT) scans. Previous studies on intra-abdominal fat and MetS were reviewed to contextualize the findings.

Results: Patients with MetS had significantly higher BMI, waist circumference, and RFA compared to those without MetS. Positive correlations were observed between BMI, RFA, central obesity, and MetS. ROC curve analysis showed a significant relationship between RFA and MetS, with a cutoff value of 36.6 cm² predicting MetS accurately in 95% of cases. The results were compared with existing literature on visceral fat's impact on MetS.

Conclusions: The study findings underscore the associations between anthropometric parameters, specifically RFA and MetS. RFA is a valuable tool for assessing metabolic risk, with implications for refining criteria for adrenalectomy in individuals with adrenal incidentalomas.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the utilization and outcomes of Hartmann's procedure in the emergency left colon surgery with respect to other stoma interventions.

Patients and methods: A total of 70 consecutive patients (mean±SD age: 71.1±15.5 years, 51.4% were males) who underwent emergency surgery for the left colon were included in this retrospective cohort study. Data on patient demographics, primary diagnosis, emergency surgery indication, operative risk, stoma type (Hartmann's procedure, primary anastomosis with diverting loop ileostomy, double-barreled ostomy), surgeon sub-specialty, postoperative complications, and stoma reversal time and rates were recorded.

Results: Hartmann's procedure (72.9%) was the most commonly utilized stoma type, followed by primary anastomosis with diverting loop ileostomy (14.3%) and double-barreled ostomy (10.0%), while primary anastomosis was performed only in 2.8% of patients. The stoma reversal rate was 25.0%, and the median time to stoma reversal was 10 months (range, 3 to 48 months). Hartmann's procedure was less commonly performed by colorectal surgeons than by general surgeons (35.3% vs. 68.4%, p=0.013) and was associated with a lower chance of stoma reversal compared to other stoma types, including primary anastomosis with diverting loop ileostomy and double-barreled ostomy (15.7% vs. 52.9%, p=0.006).

Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings revealed that Hartmann's procedure, although performed less commonly by colorectal surgeons than by general surgeons, was still the most prevalent procedure applied for the surgical management of left colon emergencies, particularly in the setting of tumor-induced obstruction or perforation, despite the potential risk of severe postoperative complications and lower stoma reversal rates with this procedure.

Objective: According to the World Health Organization, 17.9 million individuals died from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in 2019, constituting 32% of all global mortalities. In recent years, percutaneous coronary interventions such as stenting have become a common treatment approach for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the problem of angina recurrence after stenting, associated with in-stent restenosis, persists. The aim of this study was to elucidate the intricate structure of relevant countries and regions, prominent research institutions, prolific authors, and recurring keywords shaping the landscape of this field.

Materials and methods: The search strategy involved Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases on December 13, 2023. Bibliometric analysis was performed using the Bibliometrix R-package.

Results: An upward trend was found, characterized by an annual growth rate (AGR) of 6.82%. China leads with 17 publications, followed by Argentina with 14 and Italy with 9. Capital Medical University from China has published the largest number of articles in the field. The most significant number of publications were published in the American Journal of Cardiology. Among the top ten authors, Kim J. has published six articles and Yang C. has published four, making them the most productive in the field. "In-stent restenosis" and "percutaneous coronary intervention" were the most frequently used terms between 2002 and 2023.

Conclusions: It is important to note that the majority of studies examined were conducted in developed countries, which may influence the generalization of results. Nevertheless, there is also considerable attention to the topic from scientific groups in developing countries. This analysis helps identify gaps in the current research field and define directions for future studies.

Objective: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common extraintestinal infectious diseases encountered in clinics. It affects both genders and all age groups and constitutes a major health issue in clinical practice worldwide. Uropathogens often develop resistance to therapeutic agents, creating a formidable challenge for physicians to treat these infections. The goal of the current review is to provide current information on therapeutic advancements and interventions in the treatment of urinary tract infections.

Materials and methods: Databases like MEDLINE, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov were used as search engines to collect the relevant articles, and the required information was extracted.

Results: Research data suggest an increasing prevalence of pathogenic strains that are resistant to standard antimicrobial regimens recommended for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Targeted therapies for urinary tract infections, such as mannosides and pilicides, as well as vaccinations against uropathogenic Escherichia coli, have been developed recently. The efficacy of other strategies like iontophoresis, hydrogel-coated catheters, and antibiofilm therapy is also investigated. Clinical trials conducted between 2014 and 2019 show a rise in interest in a variety of therapies, highlighting the need for a thorough strategy to treat urinary tract infections, particularly in populations of women.

Conclusions: Antimicrobial-resistant strains of Escherichia coli are becoming more common in urinary tract infections, which have led to the development of targeted medicines such as mannosides and pilicides, as well as immunizations against the pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. There is continuing research into alternate approaches, such as hydrogel-coated catheters, antibiofilm therapy, and iontophoresis. Clinical trials conducted between 2014 and 2019 showed a rise in interest in these different treatment approaches.

The article "Influence of 12 weeks of basketball training on college students' heart function" by Z.-T. Yang, S.-W. Kim, Y.-S. Kim, X. Tang, H. Li, E.-L. Wang, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27 (14): 6474-6479 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202307_33117-PMID: 37522658 has been retracted by the Editor in Chief. Due to third-party concerns about potential misquotations, the Editor-in-Chief has initiated an investigation to verify the validity of the allegations. The journal's assessment has shown that all references cited were not relevant to the text. The authors have been contacted to address the issues but only provided an updated list of references without a satisfactory explanation for the mistake. In light of the absence of a valid justification and the substantial misquotations throughout the text, the Editor-in-Chief has decided to retract the manuscript. The authors have been informed about the retraction but remained unresponsive. This article has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/33117.

The article "STAT5A reprograms fatty acid metabolism and promotes tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells" by S.-R. Dong, X.-L. Ju, W.-Z. Yang, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (19): 8360-8370 - PMID: 31646566 has been retracted by the Editor in Chief following the expression of concern published in May 2024, available at https://www.europeanreview.org/article/36273. Following concerns raised by third party and by readers on PubPeer (link: https://pubpeer.com/publications/2D2719EECB2A38AFB430AE920E0ADD), the Editor in Chief has started an investigation to assess the validity of the results as well as possible figure manipulation. The journal's investigation revealed duplications involving Figure 2F, Figure 3I, and Figure 4D with previously published articles (https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.102995 and https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S151029). Additionally, a duplication was found between the GAPDH panels of MKN28 and AGS in Figure 3C. The authors have been informed about the journal's investigation but remained unresponsive and have not provided the study's raw data. Consequently, the Editor in Chief mistrusts the results presented and has decided to retract the article. This article has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/19147.

Objective: Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) represent a demanding challenge in pediatricians' clinical practice. A previous Inter-Society Consensus defined criteria for identifying children with RRIs and assessed the available treatments, considering the evidence grade.

Materials and methods: The present Delphi consensus proposed a series of statements concerning the practical use of Citomix, a multicomponent low-dose medication. The participants should be primary care, private practice, and hospital/university pediatricians with extensive experience using this product to manage children with RRIs. One hundred twelve Italian pediatricians voted for the statements.

Results: The agreement grade was high for all statements (ranging from 69.6% to 99.1%). The participants expressed their satisfaction with using this medication, which may represent a valuable and safe option for preventing and adding on treating children with RRIs. These statements reflected their personal opinions based on daily clinical practice.

Conclusions: The results of this Delphi consensus represented an input for further evidence-based studies highlighting the effectiveness of low-dose medications for both the prevention and treatment of RRIs.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and progressive degenerative disease that affects joint structures, such as the hips, knees, and hands, involving the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments, capsule, and synovium. OA is characterized by a progressive degeneration of the joint structures, resulting in pain and decreased quality of life. Local and systemic risk factors pave the way for OA development. Different phenotypes may be identified, but three main molecular mechanisms define the endotypes: the bone-driven endotype, the synovitis-driven endotype, and the cartilage-driven endotype. The hallmark of OA pathophysiology involves more than just mechanical degradation; it includes the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukins and TNF-α, which elucidates the significant roles of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cellular senescence in its development. OA is distinguished by a clinical presentation that varies significantly between people and is marked by pain, stiffness, and functional impairments. The clinical course can be split into Pre-OA, Early OA, Evident OA, and End-Stage. Depending on the stage of the disease, OA diagnosis frequently necessitates a complex strategy that combines clinical evaluation to detect joint tenderness, range of motion, and joint swelling or abnormalities, medical history assessment, imaging modalities, and laboratory investigations. There is no known treatment for OA, and different therapies are usually evaluated based on the stage of the disease to minimize pain and stiffness while maintaining joint function. Treatments are divided into the reduction of modifiable risk factors, pharmacologic therapies, rehabilitation, complementary therapies, interventional pain procedures, and surgery. OA clinical heterogeneity underlines the importance of prevention, early diagnosis, and identifying the phenotype and endotype to tailor the treatment.

Objective: Despite the wide use of ziconotide in the USA for treating refractory cancer- and noncancer-related pain, this agent is little used in Europe, even if licensed by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). The reason could be attributed to the high, fixed starting dose required for ziconotide, as stated in the EMA Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). This dosage recommendation is based on the results of pivotal clinical studies of ziconotide, which utilized aggressive titration schedules. Thus, a reappraisal of the available evidence, as well as a reflection on real-life clinical experiences, might be useful to identify practice adjustments to improve the clinical application of ziconotide in the European scenario. In line with this need, this paper reports some clinical experiences of patients with chronic pain treated with ziconotide intrathecal (IT) therapy in Italy, particularly focusing on long-term treatment to further characterize and improve the use of this agent in real practice. Moreover, a literature review of the available data on the effectiveness and safety of IT ziconotide is provided.

Case series: Collected clinical experiences suggested that the use of IT ziconotide represents a valuable option, particularly in cases where other treatments have been ineffective or poorly tolerated. Ziconotide was shown to not cause severe side effects in the long-term treatment, leading to a constant pain relief effect at stable doses, without adverse events that caused therapy interruption. The overall constant ziconotide dosages also suggest the absence of a tolerance effect. In parallel, the evidence in the literature aligns with real-world evidence and further supports the use of IT ziconotide as an important option for the management of chronic pain.

Conclusions: IT ziconotide represents a valuable addition to the armamentarium of pain management strategies, offering hope for improved quality of life for patients suffering from chronic, treatment-resistant pain. Continued research and clinical experience will further elucidate its optimal use and role in comprehensive pain care.