Junction Plakoglobin - A Dual-Role Player in Cancer Biology.

Abstract

Junction plakoglobin (JUP) is a critical cell adhesion molecule implicated in mediating cell-cell adhesion. Cancer, characterized by the loss of normal cellular regulation, results in unchecked proliferation and the breakdown of cell-cell junctions, facilitating malignant cell invasion into surrounding tissues. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of JUP in the transduction of various intercellular signaling pathways, underscoring its significant role in tumor initiation, progression, and prognosis. In contrast to its homolog β-catenin, the interplay between JUP and cancer remains underexplored. To clarify JUP's role and underlying mechanisms in cancer progression, this review examines recent advancements, focusing on JUP's regulation of key cancer-related signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, p53, and cadherin-mediated pathways. The review also investigates JUP's relevance across various cancer types, including those of the reproductive, digestive, and urinary systems. Mechanistically, JUP exhibits context-dependent actions in different cancers, demonstrating dual roles in tumorigenesis. Lastly, the potential of JUP as a target for early diagnosis, effective treatment, and prognostic prediction in cancer is evaluated. In conclusion, targeting JUP offers a promising avenue for cancer therapy, providing valuable insights for future research.