Innovative metal-sensitized spectrofluorimetric method for the simultaneous determination of resveratrol and doxorubicin in human plasma: A holistic sustainability appraisal

Abstract

The potential synergistic cardioprotective effects of resveratrol and doxorubicin combination have made precise analytical approaches necessary for determining their concentrations in human plasma. Herein, we propose a novel spectrofluorimetric method for the concurrent determination of resveratrol and doxorubicin in spiked human plasma using constant-wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (CW-SFS) and fluorescence sensitization with metal chelating agent. By taking the advantage of synchronous scan mode, the CW-SFS can simultaneously scan the emission and excitation wavelengths with a fixed wavelength difference (Δλ = 80 nm), eliminating spectral interference and improving selectivity and sensitivity in the process. To further enhance sensitivity, the fluorescence sensitization method with a metal chelating agent was applied, where the fluorescence signal of both drugs is greatly amplified by adding Al³⁺and diluting with ethanol, improving the detection limits. The new approach shows low limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs), with excellent linearity (R² > 0.999) over a wide concentration range of 10–1000 and 5–700 ng/mL for doxorubicin and resveratrol, respectively. The method was successfully applied to determine both drugs in spiked human plasma along with a holistic sustainability assessment. This innovative analytical method has the potential to be used in therapeutic drug monitoring, thereby facilitating the optimization of doxorubicin and resveratrol combination therapy for enhanced outcomes in therapeutic drug monitoring.