A meta-analysis on the risk of esophageal cancer in type 2 diabetes patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists.

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Frontiers in Endocrinology Pub Date : 2025-03-20 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fendo.2025.1532587

Qi Wu, Yan Zeng, Yong Liu, Fangyuan Teng, Tiejun Zhou, Man Guo, Zongzhe Jiang, Yong Xu

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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) treatment and the risk of esophageal cancer in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or obesity through a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic computerized searches and collection of eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to compare the risk of esophageal cancer between GLP-1 RA and control agents. The bias risks and quality of the studies were evaluated, and a meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 18.0 and R 4.0.2 statistical software.

Results: The meta-analysis included data from six studies involving 13,391 participants. The pooled relative risk (RR) of esophageal cancer in patients using GLP-1 RAs compared to control agents was 0.46 (95% CI 0.13-1.59; p=0.725; I²=0%). Subgroup analyses stratified by age groups, intervention durations, BMI categories, and indications for T2DM or obesity treatment more often indicated no association between GLP-1 RAs use and increased risk of esophageal cancer.

Conclusions: GLP-1 RAs did not increase the incidence of esophageal neoplasms, and there were not probably significant within-class differences in T2DM or obesity treatment. This finding supports the safety of GLP-1 RAs as a therapeutic option for the clinical management of T2DM.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024543945.

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关于接受 GLP-1 受体激动剂治疗的 2 型糖尿病患者罹患食管癌风险的荟萃分析。

目的：通过一项综合meta分析，评估胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1 RAs）治疗与成人2型糖尿病（T2DM）或肥胖患者食管癌风险的关系。方法：系统的计算机检索和收集符合条件的随机对照试验（rct），比较GLP-1 RA和对照药物的食管癌风险。对研究的偏倚风险和质量进行评估，并使用Stata 18.0和r4.0.2统计软件进行meta分析。结果：荟萃分析包括六项研究的数据，涉及13391名参与者。与对照组相比，使用GLP-1 RAs的患者患食管癌的总相对危险度（RR）为0.46 (95% CI 0.13-1.59；p = 0.725;²= 0%)。按年龄组、干预持续时间、BMI类别和T2DM或肥胖治疗适应症分层的亚组分析更常显示GLP-1 RAs的使用与食管癌风险增加之间无关联。结论：GLP-1 RAs不会增加食道肿瘤的发生率，在T2DM或肥胖治疗中可能没有明显的类内差异。这一发现支持GLP-1 RAs作为T2DM临床治疗选择的安全性。系统综述注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/，标识符CRD42024543945。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Endocrinology Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

9.60%

发文量

3023

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Endocrinology is a field journal of the "Frontiers in" journal series. In today’s world, endocrinology is becoming increasingly important as it underlies many of the challenges societies face - from obesity and diabetes to reproduction, population control and aging. Endocrinology covers a broad field from basic molecular and cellular communication through to clinical care and some of the most crucial public health issues. The journal, thus, welcomes outstanding contributions in any domain of endocrinology. Frontiers in Endocrinology publishes articles on the most outstanding discoveries across a wide research spectrum of Endocrinology. The mission of Frontiers in Endocrinology is to bring all relevant Endocrinology areas together on a single platform.