Advances in multi-omics technologies for identifying metabolic engineering targets and improving lipid production in microalgae

IF 9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Bioresource Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-12 DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132501

Chun-xiao Yan , Shuai Zhang , Lu-wei Xu , Han Gao , Zi-xu Zhang , Wang Ma , Xiao-man Sun

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Abstract

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, are highly valued in the global market due to their physiological effects and health benefits. Concerns related to overfishing and marine ecosystem degradation have driven interest in microalgal lipids as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for PUFA production. Despite some success in commercializing microalgal lipid products, they still fail to meet global demand. Advances in high-throughput omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have deepened the understanding of lipid biosynthesis in microalgae. This review explores the potential of multi-omics approaches to elucidate PUFA biosynthesis pathways, identify key regulatory genes, and optimize metabolic engineering strategies for enhanced lipid production. Additionally, this review discusses how multi-omics technologies address challenges in large-scale cultivation, promoting the industrialization of microalgal lipid productions. These insights provide a foundation for improving microalgal PUFA yields to meet growing global demand.

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多组学技术在确定代谢工程目标和提高微藻类脂质产量方面的进展

多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），如γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸，由于其生理作用和健康益处，在全球市场上具有很高的价值。人们对过度捕捞和海洋生态系统退化的担忧推动了人们对微藻脂的兴趣，将其作为生产 PUFA 的可持续和生态友好型替代品。尽管微藻脂质产品的商业化取得了一些成功，但仍无法满足全球需求。包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学在内的高通量组学技术的进步加深了人们对微藻脂质生物合成的了解。本综述探讨了多组学方法在阐明 PUFA 生物合成途径、确定关键调控基因和优化代谢工程策略以提高脂质产量方面的潜力。此外，本综述还讨论了多组学技术如何解决大规模栽培中的挑战，促进微藻脂质生产的工业化。这些见解为提高微藻 PUFA 产量以满足日益增长的全球需求奠定了基础。

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来源期刊

Bioresource Technology 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

19.30%

发文量

2013

审稿时长

12 days

期刊介绍： Bioresource Technology publishes original articles, review articles, case studies, and short communications covering the fundamentals, applications, and management of bioresource technology. The journal seeks to advance and disseminate knowledge across various areas related to biomass, biological waste treatment, bioenergy, biotransformations, bioresource systems analysis, and associated conversion or production technologies. Topics include: • Biofuels: liquid and gaseous biofuels production, modeling and economics • Bioprocesses and bioproducts: biocatalysis and fermentations • Biomass and feedstocks utilization: bioconversion of agro-industrial residues • Environmental protection: biological waste treatment • Thermochemical conversion of biomass: combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, catalysis.