{"title":"Overworked and under-creative: Teacher workload, time allocation, and creative pedagogy in Chinese secondary schools - evidence from PISA 2022","authors":"Yajing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105039","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the impact of workload and time allocation on Chinese secondary school teachers' prioritization of creative pedagogies using PISA 2022 data and hierarchical linear models. Findings reveal that workload has no direct effect on creative pedagogies. However, time allocation for teaching-related tasks follows a U-shaped relationship at the teacher level and an inverted U-shaped pattern at the school level. Digital resources enhance creative pedagogies while mitigating the effects of workload and time allocation. These results highlight the need for balanced time management and strategic digital integration to foster creativity in teaching. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Teaching and Teacher Education","FirstCategoryId":"95","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0742051X25001155","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study explores the impact of workload and time allocation on Chinese secondary school teachers' prioritization of creative pedagogies using PISA 2022 data and hierarchical linear models. Findings reveal that workload has no direct effect on creative pedagogies. However, time allocation for teaching-related tasks follows a U-shaped relationship at the teacher level and an inverted U-shaped pattern at the school level. Digital resources enhance creative pedagogies while mitigating the effects of workload and time allocation. These results highlight the need for balanced time management and strategic digital integration to foster creativity in teaching. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
期刊介绍：
Teaching and Teacher Education is an international journal concerned primarily with teachers, teaching, and/or teacher education situated in an international perspective and context. The journal focuses on early childhood through high school (secondary education), teacher preparation, along with higher education concerning teacher professional development and/or teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education is a multidisciplinary journal committed to no single approach, discipline, methodology, or paradigm. The journal welcomes varied approaches (qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods) to empirical research; also publishing high quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Manuscripts should enhance, build upon, and/or extend the boundaries of theory, research, and/or practice in teaching and teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education does not publish unsolicited Book Reviews.
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