Non-target screening of emerging contaminants in tropical island rivers: A case study of the Nandu River

IF 7.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-12 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126225

Chuanjie Zheng , Xiangshun Zeng , Tianyao Wang , Jingjing Yang , Yini Ma , Xingcai Chen , Kaibo Huang

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Abstract

The pollution of Nandu River, a tropical island river, is causing widespread concern due to the rapid development of agriculture and tourism. This study investigates the occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in the Nandu River at multiple scales, including basin-wide, seasonal, and media-specific variations. Samples were analyzed using a non-targeted screening (NTS) method involving solid phase extraction (SPE), liquid chromatography (LC), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). A total of 257 CECs were identified in the flatwater samples. They mainly comprised primarily consisting of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and industrial materials, indicating the simultaneous development of agriculture, farming, and tourism in river basin. The 75 CECs were quantified, and hierarchical clustering revealed the 20 most frequently detected CECs were strongly correlated with the pollution levels. The 75 CECs were further classified into distinct source clusters based on detection rates, providing insights into pollutant characteristics across different river sections. Comparisons between pollutants in various media showed minimal flux exchange, attributed to the pollutants' nature and the hydrological and water quality characteristics of island rivers. Seasonal variations in pollutant concentrations revealed that 63 CECs were present year-round in the Nandu River, with eight exhibiting high detection frequencies (>60 %) at all sites. Based on the 63 CECs detected year-round, a priority list of 36 control pollutants was developed using Agency's Aquatic Toxicity Profiles (ATP). This study provides valuable information to natural resource and public health agencies on Hainan Island and similar tropical islands, supporting ecosystem conservation, fisheries management, and human health risk assessments.

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热带岛屿河流中新兴污染物的非目标筛选——以南渡河为例

南渡河是一条热带岛屿河流，随着农业和旅游业的迅速发展，南渡河的污染问题引起了广泛关注。本研究从流域、季节、媒介等多个尺度考察了南渡河流域新兴关注污染物（CECs）的发生情况。样品分析采用非靶向筛选（NTS）方法，包括固相萃取（SPE）、液相色谱（LC）和高分辨率质谱（HRMS）。在平水样本中共鉴定出257种cec。它们主要由农药、药品和工业原料组成，表明流域农业、耕作和旅游业同时发展。对75个CECs进行了量化，分层聚类结果显示，20个最常检测到的CECs与污染水平密切相关。根据检出率，将75个CECs进一步划分为不同的源簇，从而深入了解不同河段的污染物特征。不同介质中污染物的比较表明，由于污染物的性质以及岛屿河流的水文和水质特征，通量交换最小。污染物浓度的季节变化表明，南渡河全年存在63个CECs，其中8个在所有站点都表现出高检测频率（60%）。根据全年检测到的63种CECs，利用epa的水生毒性概况（ATP）制定了36种控制污染物的优先清单。本研究可为海南及类似热带岛屿的自然资源和公共卫生部门提供有价值的信息，支持生态系统保护、渔业管理和人类健康风险评估。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.