New thioxanthene - Phenothiazine derivatives:synthesis, characterization and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-10 DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112807

Yunpeng Xu , Yuanyuan Wu , Xiaofan Chen , Chang Liu , Feng Wu , Xianshun Zeng

{"title":"New thioxanthene - Phenothiazine derivatives:synthesis, characterization and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties","authors":"Yunpeng Xu , Yuanyuan Wu , Xiaofan Chen , Chang Liu , Feng Wu , Xianshun Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112807","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, two novel thioxanthene - phenothiazine derivatives (TPTZ1 and TPTZ2) were successfully synthesized based on phenothiazine and thiochromone. The structures of these two organic compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The third order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of TPTZ1 and TPTZ2 have been investigated by using the Z-scan technique under irradiance of 20ps pulse laser at 532 nm. It is discovered that TPTZ1 and TPTZ2 show the obvious reverse saturable absorption (RSA) characteristics and the typical saturable absorption (SA) characteristics, respectively. The nonlinear absorption coefficients (β) and nonlinear refractive indices (n2) of TPTZ1 and TPTZ2 are calculated to be the order of 10−11 m/W and 10−18 m2/W. The opposite nonlinear absorption behavior and the size difference of the nonlinear refraction indices may result from the differences in the electronic structure due to the different substituents for the two organic compounds. The figure-of-merit (FOM) of TPTZ2 is larger than that of TPTZ1 and even reaches 10.43 at the incident energy of 30 nJ. Their excellent NLO properties may allow them to be potentially applied in the photonic field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 112807"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Dyes and Pigments","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143720825001779","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/4/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this paper, two novel thioxanthene - phenothiazine derivatives (TPTZ1 and TPTZ2) were successfully synthesized based on phenothiazine and thiochromone. The structures of these two organic compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The third order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of TPTZ1 and TPTZ2 have been investigated by using the Z-scan technique under irradiance of 20ps pulse laser at 532 nm. It is discovered that TPTZ1 and TPTZ2 show the obvious reverse saturable absorption (RSA) characteristics and the typical saturable absorption (SA) characteristics, respectively. The nonlinear absorption coefficients (β) and nonlinear refractive indices (n₂) of TPTZ1 and TPTZ2 are calculated to be the order of 10⁻¹¹ m/W and 10⁻¹⁸ m²/W. The opposite nonlinear absorption behavior and the size difference of the nonlinear refraction indices may result from the differences in the electronic structure due to the different substituents for the two organic compounds. The figure-of-merit (FOM) of TPTZ2 is larger than that of TPTZ1 and even reaches 10.43 at the incident energy of 30 nJ. Their excellent NLO properties may allow them to be potentially applied in the photonic field.

Abstract Image

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

新型硫杂蒽-吩噻嗪衍生物：合成、表征和三阶非线性光学 (NLO) 性能

本文以吩噻嗪和硫代铬酮为基础，成功合成了两种新型噻吩-吩噻嗪衍生物TPTZ1和TPTZ2。用各种光谱技术对这两种有机化合物的结构进行了表征。利用z扫描技术研究了TPTZ1和TPTZ2在532 nm 20ps脉冲激光照射下的三阶非线性光学特性。发现TPTZ1和TPTZ2分别表现出明显的反饱和吸收（RSA）特性和典型的饱和吸收（SA）特性。TPTZ1和TPTZ2的非线性吸收系数（β）和非线性折射率（n2）分别为10−11 m/W和10−18 m2/W。两种有机化合物的不同取代基所导致的电子结构的差异可能导致了相反的非线性吸收行为和非线性折射率的大小差异。TPTZ2的FOM大于TPTZ1，在入射能量为30 nJ时，FOM达到10.43。其优异的NLO特性使其在光子领域具有潜在的应用前景。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Dyes and Pigments 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

13.30%

发文量

933

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Dyes and Pigments covers the scientific and technical aspects of the chemistry and physics of dyes, pigments and their intermediates. Emphasis is placed on the properties of the colouring matters themselves rather than on their applications or the system in which they may be applied. Thus the journal accepts research and review papers on the synthesis of dyes, pigments and intermediates, their physical or chemical properties, e.g. spectroscopic, surface, solution or solid state characteristics, the physical aspects of their preparation, e.g. precipitation, nucleation and growth, crystal formation, liquid crystalline characteristics, their photochemical, ecological or biological properties and the relationship between colour and chemical constitution. However, papers are considered which deal with the more fundamental aspects of colourant application and of the interactions of colourants with substrates or media. The journal will interest a wide variety of workers in a range of disciplines whose work involves dyes, pigments and their intermediates, and provides a platform for investigators with common interests but diverse fields of activity such as cosmetics, reprographics, dye and pigment synthesis, medical research, polymers, etc.