Impact of high penetration of renewables on power system frequency response: A review and verification

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2025.115728

Sunghoon Lim , Taewan Kim , Kwang Y. Lee , Donghee Choi , Jung-Wook Park

{"title":"Impact of high penetration of renewables on power system frequency response: A review and verification","authors":"Sunghoon Lim , Taewan Kim , Kwang Y. Lee , Donghee Choi , Jung-Wook Park","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.115728","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The characteristics of modern power systems are significantly changing due to the high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs). While this energy transition offers numerous economic and environmental benefits, it may cause serious frequency stability problems if proper actions are not taken. In order to address these issues, all key factors, such as inertia, ramp rate of frequency response, primary frequency reserve, etc., must be systematically analyzed with their accurate cause and effect on frequency stability. This paper first defines the relationships between the primary and secondary factors and frequency stability indices. Then, the paper clarifies seven representative cases for possible frequency stability problems in modern power systems, considering the penetration levels and variations of RESs, with a comprehensive assessment. Thereafter, the paper provides an overview of solutions for enhancing frequency stability and discusses potential solutions for each representative case. The effectiveness of proposed analysis is verified by case studies on the IEEE 39-bus test system and practical Jeju Island power system. The results show that this approach can provide valuable information for making the proper decisions and measures for power systems with a high penetration of RESs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 115728"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"1","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032125004010","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/4/15 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The characteristics of modern power systems are significantly changing due to the high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs). While this energy transition offers numerous economic and environmental benefits, it may cause serious frequency stability problems if proper actions are not taken. In order to address these issues, all key factors, such as inertia, ramp rate of frequency response, primary frequency reserve, etc., must be systematically analyzed with their accurate cause and effect on frequency stability. This paper first defines the relationships between the primary and secondary factors and frequency stability indices. Then, the paper clarifies seven representative cases for possible frequency stability problems in modern power systems, considering the penetration levels and variations of RESs, with a comprehensive assessment. Thereafter, the paper provides an overview of solutions for enhancing frequency stability and discusses potential solutions for each representative case. The effectiveness of proposed analysis is verified by case studies on the IEEE 39-bus test system and practical Jeju Island power system. The results show that this approach can provide valuable information for making the proper decisions and measures for power systems with a high penetration of RESs.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

可再生能源的高渗透率对电力系统频率响应的影响：回顾与验证

由于可再生能源的高度普及，现代电力系统的特性正在发生重大变化。虽然这种能源转换提供了许多经济和环境效益，但如果不采取适当措施，可能会导致严重的频率稳定性问题。为了解决这些问题，必须系统地分析所有关键因素，如惯性、频率响应的斜坡率、一次频率储备等，并准确地分析它们对频率稳定性的因果关系。本文首先定义了主次因素与频率稳定指标之间的关系。在此基础上，针对现代电力系统中可能出现的频率稳定问题，提出了7个具有代表性的案例，并考虑了RESs的渗透水平和变化，进行了综合评估。然后，本文概述了提高频率稳定性的解决方案，并讨论了每个代表性案例的潜在解决方案。通过对IEEE 39总线测试系统和济州岛实际电力系统的实例研究，验证了所提分析方法的有效性。结果表明，该方法可为高RESs渗透率的电力系统制定合理的决策和措施提供有价值的信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

31.20

自引率

5.70%

发文量

1055

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The mission of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is to disseminate the most compelling and pertinent critical insights in renewable and sustainable energy, fostering collaboration among the research community, private sector, and policy and decision makers. The journal aims to exchange challenges, solutions, innovative concepts, and technologies, contributing to sustainable development, the transition to a low-carbon future, and the attainment of emissions targets outlined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews publishes a diverse range of content, including review papers, original research, case studies, and analyses of new technologies, all featuring a substantial review component such as critique, comparison, or analysis. Introducing a distinctive paper type, Expert Insights, the journal presents commissioned mini-reviews authored by field leaders, addressing topics of significant interest. Case studies undergo consideration only if they showcase the work's applicability to other regions or contribute valuable insights to the broader field of renewable and sustainable energy. Notably, a bibliographic or literature review lacking critical analysis is deemed unsuitable for publication.