Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews最新文献

Unveiling benefits: A framework for analyzing small hydropower refurbishment activities 揭示效益：分析小水电整修活动的框架

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115117

Jiawen Li , Guiliang Tian , Zheng Wu , Yutong Jin , Tiantao Zhou

Small hydropower is a crucial renewable energy source in China and plays a significant role in achieving social, economic, and ecological sustainable development goals. However, rapid Small hydropower development has led to various issues, resulting in closure or dismantling of many Small hydropower plants. To maximize the positive impact of Small hydropowers, green transformation and Small hydropower plant upgrades are urgently required. Hence, Small hydropower refurbishment activities are performed to enhance overall benefits. Therefore, this study integrated grounded theory, a qualitative research method, with a comprehensive decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory-fuzzy analytic hierarchy process evaluation model. This formed a new framework to analyse refurbishment activities and was applied in Tangban and Maoyandong plants. Small hydropower refurbishment activity benefits were categorized as internal (direct economic and indirect production benefits) and external (social and ecological benefits), with interconnections and trade-offs. The most critical factors influencing benefits were internal factors, whereas social benefits had a greater influence on external factors. The refurbishment activities at Tangban and Maoyandong were rated high and moderate, respectively, owing to differences in corporate nature, location, and primary business focus. This study not only provides a theoretical model for China’s Small hydropower to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals under the premise of sustainable operations, but also offers a new global framework for evaluation and decision-making in Small hydropower plants.

小水电是中国重要的可再生能源，在实现社会、经济和生态可持续发展目标方面发挥着重要作用。然而，小水电的快速发展引发了各种问题，导致许多小水电站关闭或拆除。为了最大限度地发挥小水电的积极影响，迫切需要进行绿色改造和小水电站升级。因此，开展了小水电翻新活动，以提高整体效益。因此，本研究将定性研究方法--基础理论与综合决策试验和评估实验室--模糊分析层次过程评估模型相结合。这就形成了一个分析整修活动的新框架，并将其应用于唐板电站和茅岩洞电站。小水电整修活动效益分为内部效益（直接经济效益和间接生产效益）和外部效益（社会效益和生态效益），两者之间存在相互联系和权衡。影响效益的最关键因素是内部因素，而社会效益对外部因素的影响更大。由于企业性质、地理位置和主要业务重点的不同，唐板和茅岩洞的翻新活动分别被评为高和中等。本研究不仅为中国小水电在可持续运营前提下实现联合国可持续发展目标提供了理论模型，而且为小水电评估和决策提供了新的全球框架。

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引用次数: 0

An efficient uncertainty analysis of performance of hydrogen storage systems 储氢系统性能的高效不确定性分析

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115107

Saurabh Tiwari , Akshay Kumar , Gaurav Tiwari , Pratibha Sharma

The metal hydride hydrogen storage systems are gaining popularity due to their high volumetric capacity, safety and stability. The designing of these systems is complex due to many reasons, including input uncertainties. The performances of these systems are often evaluated in deterministic framework, ignoring uncertainties. This includes over-conservative safety factors in the design process increasing time and costs involved in designs. The uncertainty analysis could be a better alternative to assess system performance under such scenarios. This study investigates– i) the effect of input uncertainties on uncertainties of multiple and implicit system outputs, i.e., reaction fraction and bed temperature, ii) application of response surface and Borgonovo’s global sensitivity analysis for efficient analysis, and iii) a comparative assessment between different uncertainty methods. The methodology is demonstrated for a space heating system. Initially, a surrogate relationship is constructed between inputs-outputs using moving least square response surface, based on known input-output data estimated using COMSOL for random input realizations. Next, the sensitive inputs were identified using Monte-Carlo simulations based Borgonovo’s analysis. Finally, the effect of uncertainties of sensitive inputs on outputs were estimated using different uncertainty methods. Harr’s and Hong’s (2n) point estimate methods were observed to be highly accurate, mathematically simpler and efficient, as compared to other methods. The uncertainties of outputs were directly dependent on uncertainties of sensitive inputs. The probabilistic safety measure, reliability index, estimated using output statistics was of significant practical utility for industries to avoid deterministic safety factors based over-conservative and costly designs of storage systems.

金属氢化物储氢系统因其容量大、安全和稳定而越来越受欢迎。由于输入不确定性等多种原因，这些系统的设计非常复杂。这些系统的性能通常在确定性框架下进行评估，忽略了不确定性。这包括设计过程中过于保守的安全系数，增加了设计所需的时间和成本。在这种情况下，不确定性分析可能是评估系统性能的更好选择。本研究调查了：i) 输入不确定性对多重隐含系统输出（即反应分数和床层温度）不确定性的影响；ii) 应用响应面和 Borgonovo 全局敏感性分析进行有效分析；iii) 不同不确定性方法之间的比较评估。该方法针对空间加热系统进行了演示。首先，根据使用 COMSOL 估算的随机输入实现的已知输入输出数据，使用移动最小平方响应面构建输入输出之间的替代关系。接着，使用基于 Borgonovo 分析的 Monte-Carlo 模拟确定敏感输入。最后，使用不同的不确定性方法估算敏感输入的不确定性对输出的影响。与其他方法相比，Harr's 和 Hong's (2n) 的点估计方法准确度高、数学上更简单、更高效。输出的不确定性直接取决于敏感输入的不确定性。利用输出统计数据估算出的概率安全度量--可靠性指数，对于工业界避免基于确定性安全系数的过度保守和昂贵的存储系统设计具有重要的实际效用。

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引用次数: 0

Economic and environmentally efficient biochar production via microwave-assisted co-torrefaction of fruit residue and waste oil 通过微波辅助果渣和废油联合热解生产经济环保的生物炭

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115100

Yi Li Lin , Nai Yun Zheng , Wei Hsiu Lin , Chao Chin Chang

Addressing climate change and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are critical global challenges. This study introduces a novel, cost-effective method to produce high-energy biochar with minimal GHG emissions through a microwave-assisted (MWA) co-torrefaction process. This groundbreaking process not only produces decarbonized solid fuel but also simultaneously reduces waste by utilizing fruit residues and waste cooking oil (WCO). Through the application of the Taguchi experimental method, this research identified torrefaction temperature and the WCO blending ratio as key determinant of the biochar higher heating value (HHV). Notably, Dimocarpus longan waste (DLw) outperformed Citrus maxima branches (CMb) in co-torrefaction, achieving a maximum HHV of 25 MJ/kg, a superior energy yield of 85%, and a fixed carbon content of 28%. Both types of biochar showed increased thermal stability under optimal conditions, meeting the specifications of bituminous coal and offering a viable alternative for coal combustion. The biochar produced from both CMb and DLw demonstrated good energy return on investment (EROI) values of 4–5 and reduced CO₂ emissions by 58%–69% compared to burning bituminous coal alone. Remarkably, the cost of implementing this innovative technology at a pilot scale was 76% lower than that traditional biowaste treatment methods. In conclusion, the pioneering MWA co-torrefaction technology presented in this study offers an environmentally friendly, economically advantageous, and highly practical solution for converting biowaste into renewable fuel, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy, and Goal 13: Climate Action.

应对气候变化和减少温室气体（GHG）排放是至关重要的全球性挑战。本研究介绍了一种新颖、经济高效的方法，即通过微波辅助（MWA）共焦化工艺生产高能生物炭，同时将温室气体排放降至最低。这一突破性工艺不仅能生产脱碳固体燃料，还能利用水果残渣和废弃食用油（WCO）同时减少废物。通过应用田口试验法，本研究确定了热解温度和 WCO 混合比例是决定生物炭较高热值（HHV）的关键因素。值得注意的是，龙眼废料（DLw）的共热解性能优于柑橘树枝（CMb），其最高热值为 25 兆焦耳/千克，能量产出率高达 85%，固定碳含量为 28%。在最佳条件下，这两种生物炭的热稳定性都有所提高，符合烟煤的规格要求，为煤炭燃烧提供了一种可行的替代品。由 CMb 和 DLw 制成的生物炭显示出良好的能源投资回报率（EROI），与单独燃烧烟煤相比，能源投资回报率为 4-5，二氧化碳排放量减少了 58%-69%。值得注意的是，在试点规模上实施这项创新技术的成本比传统的生物垃圾处理方法低 76%。总之，本研究中提出的开创性 MWA 联合热解技术为将生物垃圾转化为可再生燃料提供了一种环保、经济、实用的解决方案，符合可持续发展目标（SDGs），尤其是目标 7：负担得起的清洁能源和目标 13：气候行动。

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引用次数: 0

Modified predicted mean vote models for human thermal comfort: An ASHRAE database-based evaluation 人体热舒适度的修正预测平均投票模型：基于 ASHRAE 数据库的评估

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115042

Han Li, Haiyu Hu, Zhiyao Wu, Xiangfei Kong, Man Fan

A comprehensive index that is straightforward to implement and reliable is essential for assessing and predicting human thermal comfort, integrating both energy efficiency and Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) considerations. The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and its associated correction models are extensively utilized to assess human thermal comfort, subsequently informing the design of indoor thermal environments. Hence, this study reviews the evolution of PMV models. Firstly, twenty PMV-modified models are summarized and categorized into four principal categories according to the correction methods. Secondly, the application of common modified models in engineering practice is listed and analyzed. Thirdly, a further evaluation of seven modified models has been conducted using ASHRAE Database I and II. The results demonstrate that PMV_e and ePMV are suitable for evaluation in tropical and temperate regions and ePMV has the highest evaluation accuracy among all the discussed models. Finally, three extension directions of the PMV model are proposed to provide ideas for the subsequent revision. The outcomes of this study provide guidance for the appropriate selection and utilization of enhanced PMV models.

要评估和预测人体热舒适度，必须要有一个简单易行且可靠的综合指标，同时还要考虑能源效率和室内环境质量（IEQ）。预测平均值（PMV）及其相关修正模型被广泛用于评估人体热舒适度，从而为室内热环境设计提供参考。因此，本研究回顾了 PMV 模型的演变。首先，总结了二十种 PMV 修正模型，并根据修正方法分为四大类。其次，列举并分析了常见修正模型在工程实践中的应用。第三，利用 ASHRAE 数据库 I 和 II 对七个修正模型进行了进一步评估。结果表明，PMVe 和 ePMV 适用于热带和温带地区的评估，而 ePMV 在所有讨论的模型中评估精度最高。最后，提出了 PMV 模型的三个扩展方向，为后续修订提供了思路。本研究的成果为适当选择和使用增强型 PMV 模型提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

An interdisciplinary literature review of floating solar power plants 浮动太阳能发电站跨学科文献综述

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115094

Yujia Wei , Danial Khojasteh , Christian Windt , Luofeng Huang

Floating photovoltaic is predicted to be the most ubiquitous energy technology in the future, with global installations projected to reach 10 GW by 2030, potentially generating 13.5 TWh of clean electricity annually. The extrapolation of solar power plants from land-based to water-based requires interdisciplinary expertise from fields such as energy systems, hydrodynamics, structures, environments, and electrical engineering. To bridge the disciplines, the present review analyses existing floating solar related publications comprehensively. Initially, a comprehensive literature scan of over 900 publications is presented, selectively leading to approximately 400 papers included. Subsequently, three review sectors are presented: design, modelling, and environmental effects. These cover various structural components, system-air-water interactions, their modelling approaches, power output prediction, and potential impacts on the surrounding environment including vegetation and animals. Key findings suggest the potential for enhancing energy efficiency through water-based cooling techniques, innovative modularised designs to support upscaling, positive environmental impacts including artificial habitats, and the utilisation of advanced marine structure designs such as a breakwater to protect the solar systems from ocean wave loads. In addition, the levelised cost of electricity of various floating solar studies are presented, including both theoretical and practical projects. The levelised cost of electricity has been decreasing, to a level of 0.05–0.07 USD/kWh, making FPV increasingly competitive as a clean and affordable energy choice. Overall, this review aims to facillitate interdisciplinary research and projects on the booming floating photovoltaic industry.

据预测，浮动光伏发电将成为未来最普遍的能源技术，预计到 2030 年，全球安装量将达到 10 GW，每年可产生 13.5 TWh 的清洁电力。将太阳能发电站从陆基推断到水基，需要能源系统、流体力学、结构、环境和电气工程等领域的跨学科专业知识。为了沟通各学科，本综述全面分析了现有的浮动太阳能相关出版物。首先，对 900 多篇出版物进行了全面的文献扫描，有选择性地收录了约 400 篇论文。随后，介绍了三个审查领域：设计、建模和环境影响。其中包括各种结构部件、系统-空气-水的相互作用、建模方法、功率输出预测以及对周围环境（包括植被和动物）的潜在影响。主要研究结果表明，通过水基冷却技术、支持升级的创新模块化设计、包括人工栖息地在内的积极环境影响，以及利用防波堤等先进的海洋结构设计来保护太阳能系统免受海浪荷载的影响，都具有提高能源效率的潜力。此外，还介绍了各种浮动太阳能研究的平准化电力成本，包括理论和实际项目。平准化电力成本一直在下降，已降至 0.05-0.07 美元/千瓦时的水平，这使得 FPV 作为一种清洁、经济的能源选择越来越具有竞争力。总之，本综述旨在促进有关蓬勃发展的浮动光伏产业的跨学科研究和项目。

{"title":"An interdisciplinary literature review of floating solar power plants","authors":"Yujia Wei , Danial Khojasteh , Christian Windt , Luofeng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2024.115094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2024.115094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floating photovoltaic is predicted to be the most ubiquitous energy technology in the future, with global installations projected to reach 10 GW by 2030, potentially generating 13.5 TWh of clean electricity annually. The extrapolation of solar power plants from land-based to water-based requires interdisciplinary expertise from fields such as energy systems, hydrodynamics, structures, environments, and electrical engineering. To bridge the disciplines, the present review analyses existing floating solar related publications comprehensively. Initially, a comprehensive literature scan of over 900 publications is presented, selectively leading to approximately 400 papers included. Subsequently, three review sectors are presented: design, modelling, and environmental effects. These cover various structural components, system-air-water interactions, their modelling approaches, power output prediction, and potential impacts on the surrounding environment including vegetation and animals. Key findings suggest the potential for enhancing energy efficiency through water-based cooling techniques, innovative modularised designs to support upscaling, positive environmental impacts including artificial habitats, and the utilisation of advanced marine structure designs such as a breakwater to protect the solar systems from ocean wave loads. In addition, the levelised cost of electricity of various floating solar studies are presented, including both theoretical and practical projects. The levelised cost of electricity has been decreasing, to a level of 0.05–0.07 USD/kWh, making FPV increasingly competitive as a clean and affordable energy choice. Overall, this review aims to facillitate interdisciplinary research and projects on the booming floating photovoltaic industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 115094"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expandable profile liner technology for mitigating lost circulation and wellbore instability in geothermal drilling 用于减少地热钻井循环损失和井筒不稳定性的可扩展轮廓衬垫技术

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115109

Le Zhao , Chao Yuan , Ke Shan , Mingzhong Gao , Xiting Long , Meng Xu , Tianxiang Ao , Yikun Yang

This research presents a comprehensive review of lost circulation and wellbore instability challenges in geothermal drilling, complemented by an original case study demonstrating the application of Expandable Profile Liner Technology (EPLT). The review synthesizes and analyzes current mitigation strategies, highlighting their limitations in complex geothermal environments. In response to the inadequacies of traditional methods and the imminent risk of well abandonment, EPLT was implemented as an innovative solution. The case study of the J-1 well demonstrates EPLT's novel application in severe lost circulation conditions, showcasing its ability to effectively seal large fractures and high-permeability zones without reducing wellbore diameter and breakthrough — a common limitation of conventional techniques. Quantitative analysis reveals significant improvements in drilling efficiency, wellbore stability, and cost-effectiveness. This research contributes to the field by introducing EPLT as a groundbreaking approach to lost circulation management and wellbore strengthening in geothermal drilling, potentially revolutionizing industry practices and enhancing drilling performance in high-temperature environments.

本研究全面回顾了地热钻井中的循环损失和井筒不稳定性挑战，并辅以一个原创案例研究，展示了可扩展轮廓衬里技术（EPLT）的应用。该研究综述并分析了当前的缓解策略，强调了这些策略在复杂地热环境中的局限性。针对传统方法的不足和迫在眉睫的弃井风险，EPLT 作为一种创新解决方案得以实施。J-1 井的案例研究展示了 EPLT 在严重失循环条件下的新颖应用，展示了其在不减少井筒直径和突破（传统技术的常见限制）的情况下有效封堵大裂缝和高渗透区的能力。定量分析显示，钻井效率、井筒稳定性和成本效益都有显著提高。这项研究将 EPLT 作为地热钻井中失循环管理和井筒加固的开创性方法，为该领域做出了贡献，有可能彻底改变行业实践，提高高温环境下的钻井性能。

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引用次数: 0

Power generation from food waste bio-compressed natural gas: Economic feasibility 利用厨余生物压缩天然气发电：经济可行性

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115110

Dan Cudjoe , Bangzhu Zhu

Wasted food accounts for around a quarter of the world's food supply. About 40–60 % of China's municipal solid waste is food waste. The increased global and domestic food waste has economic, social, and environmental consequences requiring adequate attention. Biogas from food waste could be upgraded into bio-CNG (bio-compressed natural gas). The bio-CNG has high methane content, which makes it a potential electricity generation resource. A comprehensive understanding of the economic viability of waste-to-energy initiatives is critical for policymakers and prospective investors. This study investigates the electricity generation potential of bio-CNG from food waste in Jiangsu Province, China. The economic viability of bio-CNG to electricity projects is also assessed. The major findings show that the total amount of food waste (109.1 Mt) generated from 2004 to 2020 could produce 162.3 Mm³ bio-CNG. The volume of bio-CNG yield has 1265.7 GWh power generation potential. On average, the electricity generation potential could contribute 1.7 % to the annual electricity consumption in the province. According to the financial analysis, the project is viable and lucrative in the province. The sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the impact of changes in certain critical factors on the project's performance. This study provides scientific strategies for optimal investment in bio-CNG to electricity projects.

浪费的粮食约占全球粮食供应的四分之一。中国城市固体废弃物中约有 40-60% 是食物垃圾。全球和国内食物垃圾的增加对经济、社会和环境造成了影响，需要引起足够的重视。厨余垃圾产生的沼气可以升级为生物压缩天然气（Bio-CNG）。生物压缩天然气的甲烷含量高，是一种潜在的发电资源。全面了解垃圾发电项目的经济可行性对于政策制定者和潜在投资者来说至关重要。本研究调查了中国江苏省利用厨余垃圾生产生物压缩天然气的发电潜力。同时还评估了生物-液化天然气发电项目的经济可行性。主要研究结果表明，2004 年至 2020 年产生的厨余垃圾总量（1.091 亿吨）可生产 1.623 亿立方米生物-CNG。生物-压缩天然气的产量具有 1265.7 千兆瓦时的发电潜力。平均而言，发电潜力可占该省年用电量的 1.7%。根据财务分析，该项目在该省是可行且有利可图的。为确定某些关键因素的变化对项目绩效的影响，进行了敏感性分析。本研究为生物-压缩天然气发电项目的最佳投资提供了科学策略。

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引用次数: 0

A techno-economic analysis of communication in low-voltage islanded microgrids 低压孤岛微电网通信技术经济分析

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115031

Derek C. Neal , Dan J. Rogers , Malcolm McCulloch

Low-voltage islanded microgrids are an attractive solution for remote electrification due to their flexible and autonomous nature. Like all power systems, high capital costs must be amortised through customer subscriptions. Although a communication system adds capital cost to a microgrid, it has the potential to reduce overall capital and operating costs because improved metering and billing reduces over-capacity, and enables coordinated control of microgrid components. This paper surveys digital communication for microgrids and provides descriptions of applications, a technology comparison, and a cost-benefit analysis of the value added to energy delivery by the addition of a communication system of a particular bit rate and latency to a representative low-voltage islanded microgrid. The study concludes that investment in a low bit rate, medium latency (1 kbps per customer, 100 ms) communication system has significant economic benefit to both customer and utility by enabling services such as automatic meter reading and demand side management. In a solar PV-dominated microgrid, the addition of a communication system may reduce the levelized cost of energy by 32 %.

低压孤岛式微电网因其灵活自主的特性，是一种极具吸引力的远程电气化解决方案。与所有电力系统一样，高昂的资本成本必须通过用户订购来摊销。虽然通信系统会增加微电网的资本成本，但它有可能降低总体资本和运营成本，因为改进计量和计费可减少容量过剩，并实现对微电网组件的协调控制。本文对微电网数字通信进行了调查，并提供了应用说明、技术比较以及成本效益分析，分析了在代表性低压孤岛式微电网中增加特定比特率和延迟的通信系统后，能源输送所增加的价值。研究得出的结论是，投资低比特率、中等延迟（每个用户 1 kbps，100 ms）的通信系统可提供自动抄表和需求侧管理等服务，从而为用户和电力公司带来显著的经济效益。在以太阳能光伏发电为主的微电网中，增加通信系统可将平准化能源成本降低 32%。

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引用次数: 0

A review of deep and ultra-deep shale gas fracturing in China: Status and directions 中国深层和超深层页岩气压裂综述：现状与方向

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115111

Jinzhou Zhao , Lan Ren , Chen Lin , Ran Lin , Dongfeng Hu , Jianfa Wu , Yi Song , Cheng Shen , Dengji Tang , Hao Jiang

After over a decade of innovation in shale gas fracturing theory and engineering technology, China has established a theoretical and technical system for the development of shallow and medium-depth marine shale gas. The recoverable reserves of deep and ultra-deep shale gas in China account for 56.63 % of the total recoverable shale gas resources. Therefore, deep and ultra-deep shale gas reservoirs will become the main focus of shale gas development. Recently, deep and ultra-deep shale gas development experiments and explorations have commenced in the Sichuan Basin and Ordos Basin, where a series of deep and ultra-deep shale gas wells have been drilled and fractured. However, well production rates have demonstrated significant variations, failing to achieve the desired results, with hydraulic fracturing designs primarily using traditional methods from shallow-to-middle reservoirs. This study first summarizes the preliminary exploration and practical understanding of deep and ultra-deep shale gas fracturing in China and systematically reviews the current status of five key theoretical research areas for deep-ultra-deep shale gas fracturing, including: deep shale fracture networks fracturability theory, dynamic evolution propagation theory of fracture networks under complex structures, proppant transport and fracture conductivity under high closure stress theory, casing deformation mechanics and control theory, fracturing real-time monitoring and post-fracturing evaluation theory. There are still certain limitations in deep and ultra-deep shale gas fracturing theories. Therefore, six research directions for deep and ultra-deep shale gas fracturing technology in China are proposed. This research contributes to the efficient development of shale gas.

经过十多年页岩气压裂理论和工程技术的创新，我国已建立了中浅层海相页岩气开发的理论和技术体系。我国深层和超深层页岩气可采储量占页岩气总可采资源量的 56.63%。因此，深层和超深层页岩气藏将成为页岩气开发的重点。最近，四川盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地开始了深层和超深层页岩气开发试验和勘探，钻探并压裂了一系列深层和超深层页岩气井。然而，由于水力压裂设计主要采用浅层至中层储层的传统方法，油井生产率出现了很大差异，未能达到预期效果。本研究首先总结了中国在深层和超深层页岩气压裂方面的初步探索和实践认识，系统回顾了深层-超深层页岩气压裂五个关键理论研究领域的现状，包括：深层页岩裂缝网络可压裂性理论、复杂结构下裂缝网络动态演化传播理论、高闭合应力下支撑剂运移与裂缝传导理论、套管变形力学与控制理论、压裂实时监测与压裂后评价理论。深层和超深层页岩气压裂理论还存在一定的局限性。因此，提出了中国深层和超深层页岩气压裂技术的六个研究方向。该研究有助于页岩气的高效开发。

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引用次数: 0

Incorporating carbon capture and storage in decarbonizing China's cement sector 将碳捕集与封存纳入中国水泥行业的脱碳进程

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115098

Tongyuan Wu , S. Thomas Ng , Ji Chen

China's target of carbon neutrality by 2060 has prompted the hard-to-abate cement sector to seriously consider the deep deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. However, the extent to which CCS should be integrated into the decarbonization pathways of China's cement sector, within a nexus of supply- and demand-side mitigation efforts, is not yet well understood. This study integrates supply- and demand-side transition dynamics to systematically assess the role of CCS in these decarbonization pathways. The results indicate that annual cement demand can be reduced from 1.4 gigatons (Gt) per year to 0.5 Gt per year by 2060 through a series of material efficiency improvements on the demand side. Furthermore, total carbon dioxide emissions from the cement sector could decrease from 0.2 to 0.8 Gt CO₂ per year to approximately 0.1 Gt CO₂ per year by 2060, with large-scale CCS deployments and other supply-side measures. The required CCS capacity would decrease from 901 to 152 million tons of clinker production per year, depending on the combined efforts from both demand- and supply-side strategies. Additionally, total economic costs are projected to be 9.7–12.8 trillion Chinese yuan (CNY), with mitigation costs ranging from 156 to 228 CNY per ton of CO₂ avoided, which is higher than current carbon prices in China. These findings clearly demonstrate that reliance on CCS can significantly reduce carbon emissions if mitigation potentials are fully capitalized from both the demand- and supply-side efforts.

中国到2060年实现碳中和的目标促使难以消减的水泥行业认真考虑深入部署碳捕集与封存（CCS）技术。然而，CCS在多大程度上应被纳入中国水泥行业的脱碳途径，并与供应方和需求方的减排努力相结合，这一点尚未得到很好的理解。本研究综合了供应方和需求方的转型动态，系统地评估了CCS在这些去碳化途径中的作用。研究结果表明，到2060年，通过提高需求方的材料效率，水泥年需求量可从每年1.4千兆吨降至每年0.5千兆吨。此外，通过大规模的二氧化碳捕集与封存（CCS）部署和其他供应方措施，到2060年，水泥行业的二氧化碳总排放量可从每年0.2亿吨到0.8亿吨减少到每年约0.1亿吨。根据需求方和供应方战略的综合努力，所需的CCS能力将从每年9.01亿吨熟料产量减少到1.52亿吨。此外，预计总经济成本为 9.7-12.8 万亿元人民币，每减少一吨二氧化碳的减排成本为 156-228 元人民币，高于中国目前的碳价格。这些研究结果清楚地表明，如果从需求方和供应方两方面充分挖掘减排潜力，依靠二氧化碳捕集与封存技术可以显著减少碳排放。

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