Recent advances in microfluidic-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing platforms for biomedical applications

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Microchimica Acta Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI:10.1007/s00604-025-07135-8

Zaman Abdalhussein Ibadi Alaridhee, Mohammed B. Alqaraguly, Shoira Formanova, Rustamkhon Kuryazov, Morug Salih Mahdi, Waam Mohammed Taher, Mariem Alwan, Majid S. Jabir, Faeza H. Zankanah, Hasan Majdi, Mahmod Jasem Jawad, Atheer Khdyair Hamad, Khurshed Bozorov

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Abstract

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) techniques seamlessly combine electrochemical and spectroscopic principles, offering a powerful platform for the detection of biomarkers and biological molecules in clinical and biomedical settings. This review provides a comprehensive overview of microfluidic PEC probes, emphasizing their potential for ultrasensitive detection through enhanced light absorption and charge transfer processes. Key advantages of microfluidic PEC include real-time monitoring of biological processes, non-invasive detection, and the possibility of multiplexing when integrated with various quantification modalities. However, the practical implementation of PEC faces challenges such as bulky setup, matrix interference, and stability of PEC-active materials. Also, this paper discusses the intricate mechanisms of PEC sensing, highlighting the roles of nanomaterials in enhancing microfluidic PEC systems. Additionally, the limitations inherent in PEC material selection, including stability and bandgap engineering, are critically discussed. Solutions such as doping and the development of composite materials are proposed to address these issues. Through presented examples of PEC applications in biomedical fields, this review elucidates the future potential of PEC-based methods as reliable and effective tools for diagnostic applications. Additionally, this review proposes the most effective probes for future investigations to develop commercial devices.

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生物医学应用微流控光电化学传感平台的最新进展

光电化学（PEC）技术无缝地结合了电化学和光谱原理，为临床和生物医学环境中的生物标志物和生物分子检测提供了一个强大的平台。本文综述了微流控PEC探针的发展概况，强调了其通过增强光吸收和电荷转移过程进行超灵敏检测的潜力。微流控PEC的主要优势包括对生物过程的实时监测，无创检测，以及与各种定量模式集成时复用的可能性。然而，PEC的实际实施面临着诸如体积庞大的装置、基质干扰和PEC活性材料的稳定性等挑战。此外，本文还讨论了电化学传感的复杂机制，强调了纳米材料在增强微流控电化学传感系统中的作用。此外，在PEC材料选择固有的局限性，包括稳定性和带隙工程，批判性地讨论。为了解决这些问题，人们提出了掺杂和开发复合材料等解决方案。通过介绍PEC在生物医学领域的应用实例，本文阐述了基于PEC的方法作为可靠和有效的诊断工具的未来潜力。此外，本文还提出了未来研究开发商用设备的最有效探针。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Microchimica Acta 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

410

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： As a peer-reviewed journal for analytical sciences and technologies on the micro- and nanoscale, Microchimica Acta has established itself as a premier forum for truly novel approaches in chemical and biochemical analysis. Coverage includes methods and devices that provide expedient solutions to the most contemporary demands in this area. Examples are point-of-care technologies, wearable (bio)sensors, in-vivo-monitoring, micro/nanomotors and materials based on synthetic biology as well as biomedical imaging and targeting.