CPK27 enhances cold tolerance by promoting flavonoid biosynthesis through phosphorylating HY5 in tomato

IF 8.1 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI:10.1111/nph.70134

Rui Lin, Wenjing Zhang, Rong Tian, Limeng Zhang, Jiachen Hong, Lingyu Wang, Huijia Kang, Jingquan Yu, Yanhong Zhou

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Abstract

Cold stress is a major environmental challenge affecting the production of crops. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs/CPKs) are crucial regulators relaying calcium (Ca²⁺) signals into cellular stress responses. However, the specific mechanisms of CPKs in regulating cold stress signaling are not well understood.
In this study, through genetic, physiological and molecular biology assays, we characterized the function of CPK27 in enhancing tomato cold tolerance. We found that CPK27 stimulates flavonoid biosynthesis in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner, which in turn boosts the plant's tolerance. Tomato plants lacking CPK27 (cpk27) showed decreased flavonoid levels under cold stress, accompanied by the increased sensitivity to cold.
Activated by cold stress, CPK27 accumulates within the nucleus, where it physically interacts and phosphorylates ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) protein at serine23 (S23) and S57 residues, contributing to the cold-induced accumulation of HY5 protein. HY5 directly binds to the promoter regions and stimulates the transcription of flavonoid biosynthesis genes. Further genetic analysis showed that CPK27 acts upstream of HY5, and the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway activated by CPK27 is HY5-dependent.
Our study elucidates the regulatory mechanism whereby the CPK27-HY5 molecule integrates cold-triggered Ca²⁺ signals with flavonoid biosynthesis pathways to confer cold stress tolerance, thereby uncovering the key strategy for cold signal transduction.

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CPK27通过磷酸化HY5促进黄酮类化合物的合成，从而增强番茄的耐寒性

冷胁迫是影响作物生产的主要环境挑战。钙依赖性蛋白激酶（CDPKs/CPKs）是将钙（Ca2+）信号传递到细胞应激反应中的关键调节因子。然而，cpk调控冷胁迫信号的具体机制尚不清楚。本研究通过遗传、生理和分子生物学分析，初步确定了CPK27在番茄抗寒性中的作用。我们发现CPK27以Ca2+依赖的方式刺激类黄酮的生物合成，从而提高植物的耐受性。缺乏CPK27 （CPK27）的番茄植株在低温胁迫下黄酮类化合物水平下降，对低温的敏感性增加。在低温胁迫下，CPK27在细胞核内积累，与HY5蛋白的丝氨酸23 （S23）和S57残基发生物理相互作用并磷酸化，从而导致HY5蛋白的冷诱导积累。HY5直接结合到启动子区域，刺激类黄酮生物合成基因的转录。进一步的遗传分析表明，CPK27作用于HY5的上游，并且CPK27激活的类黄酮生物合成途径依赖于HY5。我们的研究阐明了CPK27-HY5分子将冷触发的Ca2+信号与类黄酮生物合成途径结合以赋予冷胁迫耐受性的调控机制，从而揭示了冷信号转导的关键策略。

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来源期刊

New Phytologist 生物-植物科学

自引率

5.30%

发文量

728

期刊介绍： New Phytologist is an international electronic journal published 24 times a year. It is owned by the New Phytologist Foundation, a non-profit-making charitable organization dedicated to promoting plant science. The journal publishes excellent, novel, rigorous, and timely research and scholarship in plant science and its applications. The articles cover topics in five sections: Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology. These sections encompass intracellular processes, global environmental change, and encourage cross-disciplinary approaches. The journal recognizes the use of techniques from molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches in plant science. Abstracting and Indexing Information for New Phytologist includes Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, Agroforestry Abstracts, Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index, Botanical Pesticides, CAB Abstracts®, Environment Index, Global Health, and Plant Breeding Abstracts, and others.