Chinese private enterprises and human capital development in Nigeria: Assessing the educational and skill transfer dimensions

Abstract

Over the past two decades, China's investment in Africa has grown substantially, generating both hopes for developmental stimulation and doubts about the realization and long-term sustainability of these aspirations. Against this ongoing debate, this study explored the nature and impact of Chinese private enterprises on human capital development in Nigeria, focusing on education and skill transfer. Relying on publicly available data from Nigerian government websites, independent local media outlets—including newspapers and television reports—Chinese government websites, and interviews with three Nigerian Chinese-language interpreters, the study found that Chinese enterprises contribute significantly to human development through educational initiatives. However, these efforts are closely tied to China's broader strategy of deepening its presence in Africa, raising critical questions about the long-term implications for the continent's development. Skill building within Chinese enterprises in Africa tends to be highly informal and short-term, particularly in the manufacturing and service industries. On the positive side, these informal, short-term skills empower a predominantly youthful population to navigate widespread unemployment and poverty by providing employment opportunities within Chinese enterprises, often the most accessible alternative job providers. On the downside, the nature of this skill transfer remains limited and fosters a high dependency on the Chinese.