Right bronchial artery aneurysm successfully managed by embolization: Report of a rare case

Abstract

Bronchial artery aneurysms (BAAs) are rare but can cause life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing fatal complications. BAAs may be associated with inflammatory lung diseases or may occur idiopathically. Super-selective bronchial artery embolization has become the preferred therapeutic approach due to its safety and efficacy in controlling bleeding.

We present a case of a 31-year-old otherwise healthy female who experienced recurrent hemoptysis and was found to have a large, tortuous right bronchial artery aneurysm measuring 2.3 × 3.6 cm, identified via computed tomography (CT) and angiography. The aneurysm originated from the descending aorta. Given the high risk of rupture, the patient underwent right bronchial artery embolization (BAE) using Contour particles and coils, achieving a favorable outcome. Follow-up imaging is planned to ensure long-term success and prevent recurrence.