Enhancing efficiency and sustainability in essential utility services through smart manufacturing: Analysis of bio-electricity expension, agricultural output and renewable energy goals

Abstract

This study aims to examine the role of smart manufacturing in improving utility service efficiency and sustainability. It explores the link between bio-electricity expansion, agricultural output, and renewable energy goals. Utilizing an applied general equilibrium model, the research investigates the role of biomass and multi-product crops derived from agricultural and forestry waste in advancing climate policy. The findings reveal that up to 3 % of China's total electricity could be sourced from multi-product energy crops. However, the expansion of bioelectricity is heavily dependent on dedicated biomass cultivation, which introduces land-use challenges. The model projects that under the most intensive bioenergy scenario, agricultural output could decline by 5 %, accompanied by a similar increase in food prices. Furthermore, approximately 250,000 ha of arable land may shift toward forest and willow plantations. Policymakers should prioritize investments in smart manufacturing technologies to enhance the sustainability of utility services. Integrating bio-electricity with agricultural systems can drive renewable energy growth while supporting rural economies. Policies must encourage cross-sector innovation and provide incentives for cleaner energy transitions.