IZrO/IZO multilayer thin film as transparent electrode in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell

Abstract

Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells developed rapidly in recent years due to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, minimizing the optical loss originated from reflection and parasitic absorption in transparent electrode is important to further improve the short circuit current density (J_SC) of devices. Actually, zinc-doped indium oxide (IZO) and zirconium-doped indium oxide (IZrO) single layer thin films have certain shortcomings in terms of photoelectronic performance as transparent electrode in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. In this work, we designed and fabricated IZrO/IZO multilayer thin film that possesses improved electrical and optical properties compared to single layer films. The main reason comes from the IZrO/IZO multilayer thin film with better crystalline structure than that of single layer film. Additionally, the gradient refractive index in the IZrO/IZO multilayer thin film also plays a role in anti-reflection which promote the enhancement of J_SC and then PCE. Finally, we obtained PCE of 30.74 % in the P-I-N type perovskite/silicon two-terminal tandem solar cell with an active area of 1.05 cm² when applying IZrO/IZO multilayer thin film as the transparent electrode.