A perspective of GaAs//Si tandem photovoltaic cell: Architecture, fabrication, and performance

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Materials Research Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-18 DOI:10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113504

Pranoy Abhay Makode, Sakti Prasanna Muduli, Paresh Kale

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Abstract

Tandem solar cells utilize multiple semiconductor layers with complementary bandgaps to capture a broader solar spectrum, overcoming the efficiency limits of single-junction cells. The article reviews the architecture, fabrication, and performance of GaAs//Si tandem solar cells, emphasizing material developments, optical coupling, and electrical connections in tandem configurations. The fabrication section elaborates on active layer deposition, doping techniques, and interconnecting layers. Deposition techniques like chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy are preferred for GaAs deposition to reduce the lattice mismatch between GaAs and Si. Zn and Si are the cost-effective doping elements for GaAs by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and ion implantation. AlGaP, InGaP, and ZnO are the typical window layers, acting as front passivation for the GaAs top cell. The graded composition of III-V compounds acts as the buffer layer to connect the GaAs top cell to the Si bottom cell in two terminal monolithic configurations.

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砷化镓/硅串联光伏电池的结构、制造和性能研究

串联太阳能电池利用具有互补带隙的多个半导体层来捕获更广泛的太阳光谱，克服了单结电池的效率限制。本文综述了GaAs//Si串联太阳能电池的结构、制造和性能，重点介绍了材料的发展、光耦合和串联结构中的电气连接。制造部分详细阐述了有源层沉积、掺杂技术和互连层。化学气相沉积和分子束外延等沉积技术是GaAs沉积的首选技术，以减少GaAs与Si之间的晶格不匹配。通过金属有机化学气相沉积和离子注入，Zn和Si是经济有效的砷化镓掺杂元素。AlGaP， InGaP和ZnO是典型的窗口层，作为GaAs顶层电池的前钝化层。III-V化合物的梯度组成作为缓冲层，以两个终端单片结构连接GaAs顶部电池和Si底部电池。

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来源期刊

Materials Research Bulletin 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

5.60%

发文量

372

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Materials Research Bulletin is an international journal reporting high-impact research on processing-structure-property relationships in functional materials and nanomaterials with interesting electronic, magnetic, optical, thermal, mechanical or catalytic properties. Papers purely on thermodynamics or theoretical calculations (e.g., density functional theory) do not fall within the scope of the journal unless they also demonstrate a clear link to physical properties. Topics covered include functional materials (e.g., dielectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, ferroelectrics, relaxors, thermoelectrics, etc.); electrochemistry and solid-state ionics (e.g., photovoltaics, batteries, sensors, and fuel cells); nanomaterials, graphene, and nanocomposites; luminescence and photocatalysis; crystal-structure and defect-structure analysis; novel electronics; non-crystalline solids; flexible electronics; protein-material interactions; and polymeric ion-exchange membranes.