穴居蝙蝠物种依靠回声定位来感知周围环境，但在同时飞行时（尤其是从洞穴中出来时）也会受到同种蝙蝠叫声的高度声学干扰。Goldshtein 等人在《美国国家科学院院刊》（Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA）上撰文，探讨了大鼠尾蝠（Rhinopoma microphyllum）如何应对有时被称为 "鸡尾酒会噩梦 "的声学感觉超载。通过将高分辨率全球定位系统跟踪与通过微型板载麦克风收集的个体级声学数据相结合，他们发现蝙蝠离开洞穴集体觅食时会经历高水平的声学掩蔽（附近蝙蝠发出的微弱回声未被探测到）。这种情况尤其发生在洞口，因为在一分钟内会有成千上万只蝙蝠出现，蝙蝠之间发生碰撞的风险很高。然而，在洞口以外 25 米处，掩蔽的概率迅速下降，同种蝙蝠的回声干扰（与回声重叠但更响亮的叫声）比例也迅速下降。因此，在避免碰撞的同时，群体仍能保持数公里的集体运动。Goldshtein 等人利用一个生物学上合理的感觉运动模型支持这些发现，该模型预测，随着声音掩蔽和回声干扰比例的降低，检测到同种蝙蝠回声的概率也会增加，蝙蝠在洞穴入口以外的碰撞率会迅速降低：Proc.Natl Acad.USA 122, e2407810122 (2025)
Nature ecology & evolutionAgricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
22.20
自引率
2.40%
发文量
282
期刊介绍：
Nature Ecology & Evolution is interested in the full spectrum of ecological and evolutionary biology, encompassing approaches at the molecular, organismal, population, community and ecosystem levels, as well as relevant parts of the social sciences. Nature Ecology & Evolution provides a place where all researchers and policymakers interested in all aspects of life's diversity can come together to learn about the most accomplished and significant advances in the field and to discuss topical issues. An online-only monthly journal, our broad scope ensures that the research published reaches the widest possible audience of scientists.
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