Optimizing wind energy integration with fuzzy PID DSTACOM and hybrid MPPT for reduced harmonic distortion

Abstract

Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) play a crucial role in renewable energy generation but face challenges such as fluctuating wind speeds and grid instability, leading to power quality issues and voltage fluctuations. This study proposes an advanced integration of a wind-connected grid with a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), optimized through a fuzzy PID-controlled DSTATCOM and a hybrid Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm combining Perturb and Observe (P&O) with Incremental Conductance (InCon). The fuzzy PID-controlled DSTATCOM provides dynamic reactive power compensation, stabilizes voltage, and mitigates harmonic distortions, while the BESS ensures efficient energy storage and dispatch under varying wind conditions. Simulation results demonstrate a significant reduction in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), with the DFIG current THD peaking at 10 % before stabilization, while grid and load currents were reduced to below 0.15 % and 0.02 %, respectively. The findings confirm that the proposed system enhances power extraction, minimizes harmonic distortions, and improves grid stability. These results suggest that the developed methodology provides a robust and efficient solution for integrating wind energy into modern smart grids.