Application of green solvents as a replacement of toxic dimethylformamide in the polylactic acid electrospinning process

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Sustainable Materials and Technologies Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-22 DOI:10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01405

Lenka Lovecká, Miroslava Kovářová, Dominika Hanušová, Dušan Kimmer, Andrea Poláchová, Vladimír Sedlařík

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Abstract

Nanofibres based on polylactic acid (PLA) have a wide range of applications, including air filtration. They are prepared by electrospinning using toxic solvents as dimethylformamide. This study focused on the use of green solvents to prepare electrospinnable solutions. It was found that a combination of solvents is necessary. A nozzle electrospinning technique was applied to produce PLA nanofibres from optimised dual (ethyl or methyl lactate with acetone) or ternary (cyclopentanone, acetone and ethyl or methyl lactate) solvent system. The prepared nanofibres were evaluated for morphology and quality of nanofibres (SEM), surface wettability (contact angle), filtration properties (automated filter tester) and pore size and distribution (porometry). Potential changes in the chemical composition and the presence of residual solvent were investigated by FTIR, TGA and headspace analysis. It was found that green solvents can substitute dimethylformamide; especially combination of cyclopentanone/ethyl lactate/acetone provides air filtration properties comparable to dimethylformamide/acetone-based systems.

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绿色溶剂替代毒性二甲酰胺在聚乳酸静电纺丝工艺中的应用

基于聚乳酸（PLA）的纳米纤维具有广泛的应用，包括空气过滤。它们是用二甲酰胺等有毒溶剂静电纺丝制备的。本研究的重点是利用绿色溶剂制备可电纺溶液。发现溶剂的组合是必要的。采用喷嘴静电纺丝技术，采用优化的双溶剂体系（乳酸乙酯或乳酸甲酯与丙酮）或三元溶剂体系（环戊酮、丙酮、乳酸乙酯或乳酸甲酯）制备聚乳酸纳米纤维。对制备的纳米纤维的形貌和质量（SEM）、表面润湿性（接触角）、过滤性能（自动过滤测试仪）和孔径和分布（孔隙率测定法）进行了评价。利用红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析（TGA）和顶空分析（headspace analysis）研究了化学成分和残余溶剂存在的潜在变化。发现绿色溶剂可以替代二甲基甲酰胺；特别是环戊酮/乳酸乙酯/丙酮的组合提供了与二甲基甲酰胺/丙酮为基础的系统相当的空气过滤性能。

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来源期刊

Sustainable Materials and Technologies Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

CiteScore

13.40

自引率

4.20%

发文量

158

审稿时长

45 days

期刊介绍： Sustainable Materials and Technologies (SM&T), an international, cross-disciplinary, fully open access journal published by Elsevier, focuses on original full-length research articles and reviews. It covers applied or fundamental science of nano-, micro-, meso-, and macro-scale aspects of materials and technologies for sustainable development. SM&T gives special attention to contributions that bridge the knowledge gap between materials and system designs.