Three new species from the Middle Jurassic of China provide insights on wing spots diversity of Bittacidae (Insecta: Mecoptera)

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI:10.1007/s00114-025-01985-1

Jiamiao Yu, Jinyu Wang, Yanjie Zhang, Chungkun Shih, Dong Ren, Xiaodan Lin, Hongru Yang

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Abstract

Three new species, Antiquanabittacus punctatus Yu, Ren, Lin and Yang sp. nov., Composibittacus retroflexus Yu, Ren, Lin and Yang sp. nov. and Formosibittacus multifarius Yu, Ren, Lin and Yang sp. nov., with special wing spots are described and assigned to Bittacidae, based on well-preserved specimens from the Middle Jurassic of China. Antiquanabittacus punctatus sp. nov., the earliest fossil record of Antiquanabittacus, shows new genital characteristics that enhance our understanding of the early morphology of hangingflies. Two morphological types of wing spots are categorized by summarizing all fossil records of Bittacidae, which can be beneficial to classifications and identifications in species level. Wing spots of Type 1, disturbing the overall outline of insect body, and wing spots of Type 2, simulating the spots of light through leaves, may be conducive to conceal hangingflies from predators and improve their capability to ambush preys.

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中国中侏罗统三新种对双翅目翅斑多样性的启示（昆虫亚目：翅翅目）

根据中国中侏罗世保存较好的标本，描述了3个具有特殊翅点的新种，即Antiquanabittacus punctatus Yu， Ren, Lin and Yang sp. nov, Composibittacus retroflexus Yu, Ren, Lin and Yang sp. nov和Formosibittacus multifarius Yu， Ren, Lin and Yang sp. nov。Antiquanabittacus punctatus sp. nov.是Antiquanabittacus最早的化石记录，显示了新的生殖特征，有助于我们对悬蝇早期形态的认识。通过对双翅科所有化石记录的总结，将翅斑划分为两种形态类型，有助于在种水平上进行分类和鉴定。1型翼斑扰乱了昆虫身体的整体轮廓，2型翼斑模拟了透过树叶的光斑，可能有助于将垂蝇隐藏在捕食者的视线中，提高其伏击猎物的能力。

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CiteScore

3.40

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0.00%

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审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The Science of Nature - Naturwissenschaften - is Springer''s flagship multidisciplinary science journal. The journal is dedicated to the fast publication and global dissemination of high-quality research and invites papers, which are of interest to the broader community in the biological sciences. Contributions from the chemical, geological, and physical sciences are welcome if contributing to questions of general biological significance. Particularly welcomed are contributions that bridge between traditionally isolated areas and attempt to increase the conceptual understanding of systems and processes that demand an interdisciplinary approach.