Radioprotection by glutathione esters and cysteamine in normal and glutathione-depleted mammalian cells.

O Vos, W S Roos-Verhey
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引用次数: 29

Abstract

Monoethyl (MEE) and diethyl (DEE) esters of glutathione (GSH) had the capacity to provide some protection of normal and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) pretreated cells against X-irradiation. Both compounds appeared to be transported through the cell membrane into the cells. MEE was intracellularly partly hydrolysed to GSH and caused a limited rise of intracellular GSH. DEE was intracellularly mainly converted into MEE and partly into GSH. DEE caused a larger rise of the intracellular GSH content than MEE; it also provided a better radioprotection. Radioprotection by the GSH esters may be explained by an increase of intracellular GSH as well as by the presence of the esters themselves. Cysteamine caused no rise of the intracellular GSH content, thus its radioprotection could not be mediated by an increase of intracellular GSH. When the radiosensitivity of GSH-depleted cells protected by cysteamine was compared with the radiosensitivity of non-GSH-depleted cells similarly protected by cysteamine, it appeared that the GSH-depleted cells remained more sensitive to irradiation. Thus, it seems that in this respect cysteamine cannot fully substitute for endogenous GSH.

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谷胱甘肽酯和半胱胺在正常和谷胱甘肽耗竭哺乳动物细胞中的辐射防护作用。
谷胱甘肽(GSH)单乙基(MEE)和二乙基(DEE)酯对正常细胞和丁硫氨酸亚砜(BSO)预处理的细胞具有一定的保护作用。这两种化合物似乎都是通过细胞膜进入细胞的。MEE在细胞内部分水解为谷胱甘肽,并引起细胞内谷胱甘肽的有限升高。DEE在细胞内主要转化为MEE,部分转化为GSH。DEE引起细胞内谷胱甘肽含量的升高幅度大于MEE;它还提供了更好的辐射防护。谷胱甘肽酯的辐射防护可以通过细胞内谷胱甘肽的增加以及酯本身的存在来解释。半胱胺未引起细胞内谷胱甘肽含量的升高,因此其辐射保护作用不能通过细胞内谷胱甘肽的升高来介导。将半胱胺保护的gsh耗竭细胞的放射敏感性与同样受半胱胺保护的非gsh耗竭细胞的放射敏感性进行比较,发现gsh耗竭细胞对辐照更加敏感。因此,在这方面,半胱胺似乎不能完全替代内源性谷胱甘肽。
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