[A bipolar electrode with a radial asymmetrically aligned electric field. A new principle of nerve localization in regional anesthesia and pain therapy].

IF 1.9 Q2 POLITICAL SCIENCE Regional-Anaesthesie Pub Date : 1988-07-01
N Kübler, D Theiss, T Gaertner
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Abstract

Electrostimulation is a common method of nerve localization. To improve the nerve-stimulating needle, we developed a new bipolar nerve-stimulating electrode with a more convenient extension of its electric field. Figure 1a shows the new nerve-stimulating needle; in Fig. 1b a longitudinal section is depicted. A hollow cannula (1) is surrounded by an isolator (5) that separates the internal electrode (1) from the external electrode (6). The surface of the latter is also covered by an isolator (8). Two cables, (2) and (7), connect the electrodes to a nerve stimulator. Syringes and tubes can be connected to the needle by using the attached part (4). Figs. 2a and b show top- and side views of the needle's sharp end. Except for small parts of the internal (1) and external electrode (2), both electrodes are covered by isolation (3). This arrangement leads to the radially asymmetric extension of the electric field. Studies with animal nerve-muscle preparations showed that the density of the electric field is higher, and thus electrostimulation can be carried out with up to 75% lower impulse amplitude as compared with insulated monopolar electrodes. The main advantage of the new arrangement of electrodes, however, is the dependency between revolution of the nerve-stimulating needle on its axis and the evoked muscle response. Muscle potentials measured by electromyography and respective degrees of needle torsion are shown in Fig. 3 (black circles: bipolar radially asymmetric electrode, white circles: insulated monopolar electrode).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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[具有径向不对称排列电场的双极电极]区域麻醉与疼痛治疗中神经定位的新原理[j]。
电刺激是一种常用的神经定位方法。为了改进神经刺激针,我们开发了一种新的双极神经刺激电极,使其电场扩展更方便。图1a为新型神经刺激针;在图1b中描绘了纵剖面。中空套管(1)被隔离器(5)包围,隔离器(5)将内部电极(1)与外部电极(6)分开。外部电极的表面也被隔离器(8)覆盖。两根电缆(2)和(7)将电极连接到神经刺激器。注射器和管子可以通过所附部件(4)连接到针头上。图2a和b显示了针头尖端的顶部和侧面视图。除了内部(1)和外部电极(2)的一小部分外,两个电极都被隔离(3)覆盖。这种安排导致了电场的径向不对称扩展。对动物神经肌肉的研究表明,电场密度更高,因此与绝缘单极电极相比,电刺激的脉冲幅度可降低75%。然而,这种新电极安排的主要优势在于,神经刺激针在其轴上的旋转与引起的肌肉反应之间的依赖关系。图3所示为肌电图测得的肌电位和相应的针扭转程度(黑圈:双极径向不对称电极,白圈:绝缘单极电极)。(摘要删节250字)
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