Removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances by nanofiltration: Effect of molecular structure and coexisting natural organic matter

IF 12.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131438
Caihong Liu , Ye Shen , Xiaoqing Zhao , Ziwei Chen , Rui Gao , Qingyang Zuo , Qiang He , Jun Ma , Yue Zhi
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Abstract

This study investigates the removal efficiency of anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) by nanofiltration (NF) in the presence of three representative natural organic matter (NOM) types: bovine serum albumin (BSA), humic acid (HA), and sodium alginate (SA). In particular, effects of PFAS molecular structure and coexisting NOM on the transmission and adsorption efficiency of PFAS during NF treatment were analyzed. The results indicate that NOM types dominate membrane fouling behavior despite the coexistence of PFAS. SA exhibits the most significant fouling propensity, resulting in maximum water flux decline. NF effectively removed both ether and precursor PFAS. The effects of the three typical NOM on the membrane-passing behavior of PFAS were consistent for all PFAS investigated. Generally, PFAS transmission decreased in the order of SA-fouled > pristine > HA-fouled > BSA-fouled, indicating that the presence of HA and BSA enhanced PFAS removal while SA declined. Furthermore, reduced PFAS transmission was observed with increased perfluorocarbon chain length or molecular weight (MW), regardless of the presence or type of the NOM. The impacts of NOM on PFAS filtration diminished when the PFAS van der Waals radius was > 4.0 Å, MW > 500 Da, polarization > 20 Å, or LogKow > 3. These findings suggest that both steric repulsion and hydrophobic interactions, especially the former, play important roles in PFAS rejection by NF. This study provides insights into the specific applicability and performance of membrane-based processes for eliminating PFAS during drinking and wastewater treatments, and highlighting the importance of coexisting NOM.

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纳滤去除全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质:分子结构和共存的天然有机物的影响
本研究考察了纳滤(NF)在牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、腐植酸(HA)和海藻酸钠(SA)三种代表性天然有机物(NOM)存在下,对阴离子、阳离子和两性离子的全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)的去除效率。特别分析了PFAS分子结构和共存的NOM对NF处理过程中PFAS传输和吸附效率的影响。结果表明,尽管存在PFAS,但NOM类型仍主导着膜污染行为。SA表现出最显著的结垢倾向,导致最大的水通量下降。NF能有效去除乙醚和前体PFAS。三种典型的NOM对PFAS通过膜行为的影响在所有被研究的PFAS中是一致的。一般情况下,PFAS透射率按sa污染的顺序递减;原始的祝辞HA-fouled祝辞BSA被污染,表明HA和BSA的存在增强了PFAS的去除,而SA则下降。此外,随着全氟碳链长度或分子量(MW)的增加,PFAS的透射率降低,而与NOM的存在或类型无关。当PFAS范德华半径为>时,NOM对PFAS过滤的影响减弱;4.0 Å, MW >500 Da,极化>20 Å,或LogKow >3.这些结果表明,空间排斥和疏水相互作用在NF对PFAS的排斥反应中起重要作用,尤其是空间排斥。本研究揭示了膜基工艺在消除饮用水和废水处理过程中PFAS的特定适用性和性能,并强调了共存NOM的重要性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程:环境
CiteScore
25.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
3059
审稿时长
58 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.
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