The efficacy of doramectin on arrested larvae of Ancylostoma caninum in early pregnancy of bitches.

Abstract

The efficacy of doramectin treatment on arrested A. caninum larvae during early pregnancy of bitches was examined. Four bitches were percutaneously infected with 20,000 third-stage larvae of A. caninum on the day of conception and treated subcutaneously with 1 mg doramectin per kg body weight on day 30 of pregnancy. Four infected untreated pregnant bitches served as controls. A single application of dormectin substantially reduced the number of somatic larvae in bitches and the number of intestinal stages in bitches and puppies. However, it did not completely prevent lactogenic transmission of A. caninum larvae because five out of 23 puppies from three litters of the treated bitches harboured adult worms in their intestines, two of them shed eggs with the faeces. Although clinical disease did not occur in puppies from treated bitches the efficacy of the treatment was not satisfactory from an epidemiological point of view. Despite the treatment puppies with patent infections contaminated their environment with high numbers of eggs thus producing an intolerable infection risk for dogs and humans. No fetotoxic side-effects of the early treatment with doramectin were seen.