Dietary hydroperoxides of linoleic acid decompose to aldehydes in stomach before being absorbed into the body

Abstract

Our previous study (Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1393 (1998) 336–348, this issue) found that dietary hydroperoxides of trilinoleoylglycerol were broken down, releasing linoleic acid hydroperoxides (LA-OOH) in the stomach without reaching the intestines. The present paper describes the catabolic fate of LA-OOH in rat gastrointestines, in an attempt to elucidate those products which can be absorbed into the body. At an intragastric dose of 6.5 or 18 μmol, LA-OOH was not transported to the intestines as determined by HPLC. At large doses (200 or 800 μmol), much greater than that in the daily diet, there was partial leakage of LA-OOH to the intestines. The periodical fate was analyzed with 17.2 μmol [U-¹⁴C]LA-OOH chemically and radiochemically. Exemplifying the product composition at 30 min after treatment (as percentage of dosed amount), 27% unchanged LA-OOH, 9.7% epoxyketones, 3.5% hydroxyls (LA-OH), 2.4% decomposed aldehydes, and 13% unknown products were found in the gastric lumen. Another 25% was incorporated in the gastric tissue, and the other 6.4% occurred in the intestinal lumen and tissue as decomposed aldehyde. The LA-OH further decomposed to aldehydes with time in the stomach. When an aldehyde mixture was prepared and dosed, significant increases in hexanal and 4-hydroxynonenal were detected in the liver 15 h later. These results show that the dietary LA-OOH is decomposed to aldehydes in the stomach and that aldehydes are partly absorbed into the body.