Effects of dietary fats on bone health in advanced age

Abstract

Evidence is accumulating that dietary lipids play an important role in bone health. Most of the data supporting the effects of lipids on bones have been collected in young adult and/or developing animals. Based upon this work, mechanisms have been proposed to explain how lipids act to enhance or inhibit bone resorption and deposition. Little work, however, has been done in older models. Since osteoporosis primarily afflicts the elderly, such work is needed in order to determine if mechanisms relevant to the young differ in advanced age, and to develop effective interventions for this especially vulnerable segment of the population. This article reviews evidence that dietary lipids are important to bone health in older individuals, and describes possible mechanisms that may be of particular relevance to the elderly. Specifically, studies supporting the influence of dietary lipids on calcium excretion, growth hormone secretion, fatty acid metabolism, and osteoblast formation are reviewed.