Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids最新文献

Sleep disturbance affects inflammatory resolution in Long COVID. 睡眠障碍影响长冠肺炎的炎症消退。

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102728

Larissa C Engert, Rammy Dang, Surya Daniel, Suzanne M Bertisch, Jason H Maley, Tamara G Fong, Charles N Serhan, Janet M Mullington, Monika Haack

Background: Sleep disturbance, which is a common symptom in Long COVID, promotes a pro-inflammatory state and dysregulates lipid-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), presumably contributing to chronic unresolved inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the role of sleep disturbance in inflammatory resolution in Long COVID.

Methods: We studied 39 participants (30F/9M, age range 22-68 years), including 31 individuals with Long COVID and 8 SARS-CoV-2-infected controls, who did not develop Long COVID. The study consisted of a 14-day at-home phase followed by a 1-day (24-h) in-laboratory stay. Sleep disturbance was assessed using PROMIS Sleep Disturbance T-scores. During the in-laboratory stay, a fasting morning blood sample was taken for assessment of lipid mediators. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models.

Results: Participants with Long COVID reported higher sleep disturbance than controls (p<.001). Pro-inflammatory lipid pathways were upregulated in Long COVID compared to control, as indicated by higher prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) levels (p<.05). Long COVID participants with high sleep disturbance (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance T-score ≥60) had lower SPM levels, including the precursor of D-series resolvins 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA), 17R/S-resolvin D1 (17R/S-RvD1), 15R-lipoxin B4 (15R-LXB4), and protectin D1_{n-3 DPA} (PD1_{n-3 DPA}) than those with low sleep disturbance (T-score <60) (p<.05).

Conclusions: This study suggests that sleep disturbance may contribute to chronic inflammation in Long COVID by compromising certain inflammatory resolution pathways. Promoting inflammatory resolution physiology in particular in those individuals with Long COVID suffering from sleep disturbance may serve as a mechanistic target to mitigate inflammation and symptom burden in Long COVID.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05606211.

背景：睡眠障碍是长冠肺炎的常见症状，可促进促炎状态，调节脂质衍生的特异性促炎介质（SPMs），可能导致慢性未解决炎症。本研究旨在探讨睡眠障碍在长COVID炎症消退中的作用。方法：我们研究了39名参与者（30F/9M，年龄22-68岁），其中31名长冠患者和8名未发生长冠的sars - cov -2感染对照。该研究包括14天的居家阶段，随后是1天（24小时）的实验室住院。使用PROMIS睡眠障碍t -评分评估睡眠障碍。在实验室停留期间，采集空腹晨血样本以评估脂质介质。数据分析采用广义线性混合模型。结果：长冠肺炎患者报告的睡眠障碍水平高于对照组（p2 (PGE2)）水平（pn-3 DPA (PD1n-3 DPA)），高于低睡眠障碍患者（t评分）。结论：本研究表明，睡眠障碍可能通过损害某些炎症消退途径，促进长冠肺炎患者的慢性炎症。促进炎症消退生理学，特别是在患有睡眠障碍的长冠状病毒患者中，可能是减轻长冠状病毒炎症和症状负担的机制靶点。试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05606211。

{"title":"Sleep disturbance affects inflammatory resolution in Long COVID.","authors":"Larissa C Engert, Rammy Dang, Surya Daniel, Suzanne M Bertisch, Jason H Maley, Tamara G Fong, Charles N Serhan, Janet M Mullington, Monika Haack","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep disturbance, which is a common symptom in Long COVID, promotes a pro-inflammatory state and dysregulates lipid-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), presumably contributing to chronic unresolved inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the role of sleep disturbance in inflammatory resolution in Long COVID.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 39 participants (30F/9M, age range 22-68 years), including 31 individuals with Long COVID and 8 SARS-CoV-2-infected controls, who did not develop Long COVID. The study consisted of a 14-day at-home phase followed by a 1-day (24-h) in-laboratory stay. Sleep disturbance was assessed using PROMIS Sleep Disturbance T-scores. During the in-laboratory stay, a fasting morning blood sample was taken for assessment of lipid mediators. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with Long COVID reported higher sleep disturbance than controls (p<.001). Pro-inflammatory lipid pathways were upregulated in Long COVID compared to control, as indicated by higher prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) levels (p<.05). Long COVID participants with high sleep disturbance (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance T-score ≥60) had lower SPM levels, including the precursor of D-series resolvins 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA), 17R/S-resolvin D1 (17R/S-RvD1), 15R-lipoxin B4 (15R-LXB4), and protectin D1<sub>n-3 DPA</sub> (PD1<sub>n-3 DPA</sub>) than those with low sleep disturbance (T-score <60) (p<.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that sleep disturbance may contribute to chronic inflammation in Long COVID by compromising certain inflammatory resolution pathways. Promoting inflammatory resolution physiology in particular in those individuals with Long COVID suffering from sleep disturbance may serve as a mechanistic target to mitigate inflammation and symptom burden in Long COVID.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05606211.</p>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"208 ","pages":"102728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids mitigate working memory decline through feeding a low-carbohydrate and high-protein diet in healthy mice Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸通过给健康小鼠喂食低碳水化合物和高蛋白饮食来减轻工作记忆衰退

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102724

Takeru Shima , Daichi Hirose

A low-carbohydrate, high-protein (LC-HP) diet improves metabolic parameters but declines working memory, as shown by reduced hippocampal lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (Lrp6) mRNA expression in healthy mice. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), could modulate hippocampal function and Wnt signaling pathway, which is regulated by LRP6 and controls cell proliferation and differentiation. Thus, we hypothesized that intake of n-3 PUFAs alleviates LC-HP diet-induced memory decline. We utilized an LC-HP diet (25.1 % carbohydrate, 57.2 % protein, and 17.7 % fat by caloric content) and a control diet (58.9 % carbohydrate, 24.0 % protein, and 17.1 % fat). Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice assigned to six groups: control+vehicle, control+EPA, control+DHA, LC-HP+vehicle, LC-HP+EPA, and LC-HP+DHA. EPA, DHA (0.5 g/kg body weight), or vehicle were administered orally once daily for four weeks. Following the intervention, mice underwent the Y-maze test and hippocampal mRNA analysis. The LC-HP diet declined an alternation rate during Y-maze test, which reflects working memory, n-3 PUFA supplementation enhanced it. Notably, DHA significantly reversed the LC-HP diet-induced downregulation of hippocampal Lrp6 and Dcx mRNA expressions. Although hippocampal Wnt5 mRNA levels were unaffected, hippocampal Lrp6, Wnt5a, and Dcx mRNA levels showed significant positive correlations in LC-HP diet-fed mice (LC-HP+vehicle, LC-HP+EPA, and LC-HP+DHA groups). These findings suggest that n-3 PUFA, particularly DHA, may counteract LC-HP diet-induced memory decline by modulating hippocampal LRP6-related noncanonical Wnt signaling.

低碳水化合物、高蛋白（LC-HP）饮食可以改善代谢参数，但会降低工作记忆，这是通过降低健康小鼠海马脂蛋白受体相关蛋白6 (Lrp6) mRNA表达来证明的。Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs），包括二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），可调节海马功能和Wnt信号通路，并受LRP6调控，控制细胞增殖和分化。因此，我们假设摄入n-3 PUFAs可以缓解LC-HP饮食引起的记忆衰退。我们采用了LC-HP饮食（按热量含量计算为25.1%碳水化合物、57.2%蛋白质和17.7%脂肪）和对照饮食（58.9%碳水化合物、24.0%蛋白质和17.1%脂肪）。将8周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠分为6组：对照组+对照剂、对照组+EPA、对照组+DHA、LC-HP+对照剂、LC-HP+EPA和LC-HP+DHA。EPA、DHA （0.5 g/kg体重）或对照物每天口服1次，连续4周。干预后，小鼠进行y迷宫测试和海马mRNA分析。在y迷宫测试中，LC-HP饮食降低了反映工作记忆的交替率，补充n-3 PUFA提高了y迷宫测试的交替率。值得注意的是，DHA显著逆转了LC-HP饮食诱导的海马Lrp6和Dcx mRNA表达下调。尽管海马Wnt5 mRNA水平未受影响，但LC-HP饮食喂养小鼠（LC-HP+对照、LC-HP+EPA和LC-HP+DHA组）海马Lrp6、Wnt5a和Dcx mRNA水平呈显著正相关。这些发现表明，n-3 PUFA，特别是DHA，可能通过调节海马lrp6相关的非规范Wnt信号来抵消LC-HP饮食引起的记忆衰退。

{"title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids mitigate working memory decline through feeding a low-carbohydrate and high-protein diet in healthy mice","authors":"Takeru Shima , Daichi Hirose","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A low-carbohydrate, high-protein (LC-HP) diet improves metabolic parameters but declines working memory, as shown by reduced hippocampal lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (<em>Lrp6</em>) mRNA expression in healthy mice. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), could modulate hippocampal function and Wnt signaling pathway, which is regulated by LRP6 and controls cell proliferation and differentiation. Thus, we hypothesized that intake of n-3 PUFAs alleviates LC-HP diet-induced memory decline. We utilized an LC-HP diet (25.1 % carbohydrate, 57.2 % protein, and 17.7 % fat by caloric content) and a control diet (58.9 % carbohydrate, 24.0 % protein, and 17.1 % fat). Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice assigned to six groups: control+vehicle, control+EPA, control+DHA, LC-HP+vehicle, LC-HP+EPA, and LC-HP+DHA. EPA, DHA (0.5 g/kg body weight), or vehicle were administered orally once daily for four weeks. Following the intervention, mice underwent the Y-maze test and hippocampal mRNA analysis. The LC-HP diet declined an alternation rate during Y-maze test, which reflects working memory, n-3 PUFA supplementation enhanced it. Notably, DHA significantly reversed the LC-HP diet-induced downregulation of hippocampal <em>Lrp6</em> and <em>Dcx</em> mRNA expressions. Although hippocampal <em>Wnt5</em> mRNA levels were unaffected, hippocampal <em>Lrp6, Wnt5a</em>, and <em>Dcx</em> mRNA levels showed significant positive correlations in LC-HP diet-fed mice (LC-HP+vehicle, LC-HP+EPA, and LC-HP+DHA groups). These findings suggest that n-3 PUFA, particularly DHA, may counteract LC-HP diet-induced memory decline by modulating hippocampal LRP6-related noncanonical Wnt signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 102724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of perinatal α-linolenic acid deficiency combined with high-fat diet consumption on tissue-specific fatty acid profiles in rats: Maternal and offspring analysis 围产期α-亚麻酸缺乏与高脂肪饮食摄入对大鼠组织特异性脂肪酸谱的影响：母代和子代分析

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102723

María Paz Beyer , Lorena Mercado-Lopez , Camila Farias , Robinson Carrasco-Gutiérrez , Alejandra Espinosa , Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre , Yasna Muñoz , Ignacio Alvear E , Luis A. Videla , Rodrigo Valenzuela

Background

An imbalance in the dietary ratio of omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and/or a high-fat diet (HFD) may disrupt the metabolic conversion of essential PUFAs, such as linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), into their long-chain derivatives (LC-PUFAs), thereby altering their accumulation in various tissues. To determine the effects of low maternal intake of ALA and/or an HFD on FA composition in maternal tissues (liver, adipose tissue, and erythrocytes) and offspring tissues (liver, erythrocytes, adipose tissue, heart, kidney, intestine, muscle, brain, eye, lung, and stomach contents) in rats.

Methods

A prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were assigned to one of four dietary intervention groups: CD-<1%-ALA, CD-2%-ALA, HFD-<1%-ALA, and HFD-2%-ALA. The diets were administered throughout the pregestational, gestational, and postnatal periods. Following euthanasia, tissue samples were collected and analyzed for FA composition using gas chromatography.

Results

The accumulation of n-3 PUFAs varied across the analyzed tissues, suggesting tissue-specific uptake or incorporation of ALA. The liver exhibited the highest capacity for PUFA biosynthesis in rats, whereas extrahepatic tissues showed limited activity. Moreover, maternal diet did not consistently correlate with PUFA concentrations in the offspring.

Conclusions

The increase in ALA is tissue-specific, reflecting differential incorporation among tissue types. Maternal n-3 PUFA stores become a critical source for the transfer of these FAs to the offspring, particularly under dietary stress conditions such as low ALA intake or HFDs.

饮食中omega-6 （n-6）与omega-3 （n-3）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）比例失衡和/或高脂肪饮食（HFD）可能会破坏必需PUFAs（如亚油酸（LA）和α-亚麻酸（ALA））向其长链衍生物（LC-PUFAs）的代谢转化，从而改变其在各组织中的积累。确定母体ALA和/或HFD低摄入量对大鼠母体组织（肝脏、脂肪组织和红细胞）和后代组织（肝脏、红细胞、脂肪组织、心脏、肾脏、肠道、肌肉、大脑、眼睛、肺和胃内容物）中FA组成的影响。方法采用前瞻性、随机、对照实验方法对Sprague-Dawley大鼠进行研究。动物被分配到四个饮食干预组中的一个：CD- 1%-ALA、CD-2%- ala、HFD- 1%-ALA和HFD-2%- ala。这些饮食在整个妊娠期、妊娠期和产后进行。安乐死后，收集组织样品，用气相色谱法分析FA组成。结果n-3 PUFAs的积累在分析的组织中有所不同，表明ALA的吸收或掺入具有组织特异性。大鼠肝脏的PUFA生物合成能力最高，而肝外组织的活性有限。此外，母亲的饮食与后代体内的多聚脂肪酸浓度并不一致。结论ALA的增加是组织特异性的，反映了组织类型的差异。母体n-3 PUFA储存成为将这些fa转移给后代的关键来源，特别是在饮食应激条件下，如低ALA摄入量或HFDs。

{"title":"Impact of perinatal α-linolenic acid deficiency combined with high-fat diet consumption on tissue-specific fatty acid profiles in rats: Maternal and offspring analysis","authors":"María Paz Beyer , Lorena Mercado-Lopez , Camila Farias , Robinson Carrasco-Gutiérrez , Alejandra Espinosa , Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre , Yasna Muñoz , Ignacio Alvear E , Luis A. Videla , Rodrigo Valenzuela","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>An imbalance in the dietary ratio of omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and/or a high-fat diet (HFD) may disrupt the metabolic conversion of essential PUFAs, such as linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), into their long-chain derivatives (LC-PUFAs), thereby altering their accumulation in various tissues. To determine the effects of low maternal intake of ALA and/or an HFD on FA composition in maternal tissues (liver, adipose tissue, and erythrocytes) and offspring tissues (liver, erythrocytes, adipose tissue, heart, kidney, intestine, muscle, brain, eye, lung, and stomach contents) in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were assigned to one of four dietary intervention groups: CD-<1%-ALA, CD-2%-ALA, HFD-<1%-ALA, and HFD-2%-ALA. The diets were administered throughout the pregestational, gestational, and postnatal periods. Following euthanasia, tissue samples were collected and analyzed for FA composition using gas chromatography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The accumulation of n-3 PUFAs varied across the analyzed tissues, suggesting tissue-specific uptake or incorporation of ALA. The liver exhibited the highest capacity for PUFA biosynthesis in rats, whereas extrahepatic tissues showed limited activity. Moreover, maternal diet did not consistently correlate with PUFA concentrations in the offspring.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The increase in ALA is tissue-specific, reflecting differential incorporation among tissue types. Maternal n-3 PUFA stores become a critical source for the transfer of these FAs to the offspring, particularly under dietary stress conditions such as low ALA intake or HFDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 102723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arachidonic acid is preferentially biomagnified over DHA in fetal erythrocytes: evidence from 172 paired maternal–cord samples in Oman 花生四烯酸在胎儿红细胞中比DHA优先生物放大：来自阿曼172对母脐带样本的证据

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102726

Mohammed Al Sinani , Mark Johnson , Michael Crawford , Mohammed Al Maqbali

The selective transfer of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) from mother to fetus is essential for fetal development, particularly neurodevelopment and membrane synthesis. While docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been the focus of research, emerging evidence suggests arachidonic acid (AA) may be more strongly biomagnified across the placenta. We hypothesized that arachidonic acid (AA) would be preferentially biomagnified over docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in fetal erythrocytes compared to maternal erythrocytes. This cross-sectional study investigated fatty acid biomagnification using erythrocyte membrane composition as a long-term indicator of status. Paired maternal venous and umbilical cord blood samples were collected at delivery from 172 healthy Omani mother–infant pairs. Fatty acids were analyzed via gas chromatography and expressed as relative proportions (%) and absolute concentrations (mg/mL). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Spearman correlations assessed differences and associations. AA showed significant biomagnification, increasing from 13.55 % in maternal to 14.87 % in fetal erythrocytes (p < 0.001), while DHA increased modestly (4.11 to 4.40%, p = 0.034). Linoleic acid (LA), a precursor to AA, was significantly lower in fetal blood, indicating selective exclusion. Ratios such as AA/LA, AA/DHA, and (AA+DHA)/MUFAS were elevated in fetal erythrocytes, suggesting strong placental lipid selectivity. In contrast, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAS) and precursors such as α-linolenic acid (ALA) and EPA were reduced. Significant maternal–fetal correlations were found for AA, DHA, and composite indices. These findings demonstrate preferential biomagnification of AA, underscoring its physiological importance during gestation. Erythrocyte membrane profiling provides a stable measure of fatty acid transfer and highlights the need to revisit maternal dietary guidelines and infant formula composition.

长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFAs）从母体到胎儿的选择性转移对胎儿发育，特别是神经发育和膜合成至关重要。虽然二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）一直是研究的焦点，但新出现的证据表明，花生四烯酸（AA）可能在胎盘中具有更强的生物放大作用。我们假设花生四烯酸（AA）在胎儿红细胞中的生物放大作用优于二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。这个横断面研究研究脂肪酸生物放大使用红细胞膜组成作为状态的长期指标。在172对健康的阿曼母婴分娩时采集配对的母体静脉血和脐带血样本。采用气相色谱法分析脂肪酸，以相对比例（%）和绝对浓度（mg/mL）表示。Wilcoxon sign -rank检验和Spearman相关性评估差异和关联。AA表现出显著的生物放大效应，从母体红细胞的13.55%增加到胎儿红细胞的14.87% (p < 0.001)，而DHA则适度增加（4.11增加到4.40%,p = 0.034）。亚油酸（LA）， AA的前体，在胎儿血液中显著降低，表明选择性排斥。胎儿红细胞中AA/LA、AA/DHA和(AA+DHA)/MUFAS比值升高，提示胎盘脂质选择性强。相反，单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAS）和α-亚麻酸（ALA）和EPA等前体减少。AA、DHA和综合指数均与母胎显著相关。这些发现表明AA具有优先的生物放大作用，强调了其在妊娠期间的生理重要性。红细胞膜分析提供了脂肪酸转移的稳定测量，并强调需要重新审视产妇饮食指南和婴儿配方奶粉成分。

{"title":"Arachidonic acid is preferentially biomagnified over DHA in fetal erythrocytes: evidence from 172 paired maternal–cord samples in Oman","authors":"Mohammed Al Sinani , Mark Johnson , Michael Crawford , Mohammed Al Maqbali","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selective transfer of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) from mother to fetus is essential for fetal development, particularly neurodevelopment and membrane synthesis. While docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been the focus of research, emerging evidence suggests arachidonic acid (AA) may be more strongly biomagnified across the placenta. We hypothesized that arachidonic acid (AA) would be preferentially biomagnified over docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in fetal erythrocytes compared to maternal erythrocytes. This cross-sectional study investigated fatty acid biomagnification using erythrocyte membrane composition as a long-term indicator of status. Paired maternal venous and umbilical cord blood samples were collected at delivery from 172 healthy Omani mother–infant pairs. Fatty acids were analyzed via gas chromatography and expressed as relative proportions (%) and absolute concentrations (mg/mL). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Spearman correlations assessed differences and associations. AA showed significant biomagnification, increasing from 13.55 % in maternal to 14.87 % in fetal erythrocytes (<em>p</em> < 0.001), while DHA increased modestly (4.11 to 4.40%, <em>p</em> = 0.034). Linoleic acid (LA), a precursor to AA, was significantly lower in fetal blood, indicating selective exclusion. Ratios such as AA/LA, AA/DHA, and (AA+DHA)/MUFAS were elevated in fetal erythrocytes, suggesting strong placental lipid selectivity. In contrast, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAS) and precursors such as α-linolenic acid (ALA) and EPA were reduced. Significant maternal–fetal correlations were found for AA, DHA, and composite indices. These findings demonstrate preferential biomagnification of AA, underscoring its physiological importance during gestation. Erythrocyte membrane profiling provides a stable measure of fatty acid transfer and highlights the need to revisit maternal dietary guidelines and infant formula composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 102726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal peripartum and fetal perirenal and omental adipose tissue dynamics: Analysis of fatty acid composition and adipocyte morphology in sheep 母体围产期和胎儿肾周和网膜脂肪组织动力学：绵羊脂肪酸组成和脂肪细胞形态的分析

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102725

Jerry Nguyen , Minna Holopainen , Reijo Käkelä , Panu Kiviranta , Juha Räsänen , Heikki Huhta , Ella Vuoti , Anne-Mari Mustonen , Petteri Nieminen , Sanna Palosaari , Petri Lehenkari

Fatty acids (FAs) play essential roles in fetal development and physiological processes, serving as precursors for signaling molecules, structural components of cellular membranes, and components of lipids in energy reserves. The long-term storage of FAs in adipocyte triacylglycerols provides the growing fetus with structurally and functionally different FAs, which have diverse effects on developmental and metabolic health.

Adipose tissue samples were obtained from perirenal, omental, mediastinal, mesenteric, subcutaneous, and periorbital depots of six pregnant ewes and six fetuses. Histological analysis of adipocyte sizes was performed using the QuPath and Adipocyte Tools, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was employed to analyze FA compositions. Principal component analysis was utilized to identify patterns in FA profiles separating maternal and fetal tissues.

Analysis of adipocyte size distribution revealed significantly larger adipocytes in ewes compared with fetuses. Maternal perirenal and omental adipose tissues contained the largest cells. Monounsaturated FAs and biologically active long-chain n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated FAs were more abundant in fetal tissues, while saturated FAs were more abundant in maternal tissues.

In conclusion, fetal and maternal adipose tissues demonstrated significant differences in morphology and FA composition, reflecting their distinct functional roles. While fetal FA composition is heavily influenced by fetoplacental FA transfer, and the observed FA patterns are consistent with endogenous metabolic processing in fetuses, further transcriptomic data will be required for more detailed metabolic interpretation. Still, these findings could reflect a degree of metabolic independence of fetuses in this ruminant model and help generate hypotheses for future translational studies.

脂肪酸（FAs）在胎儿发育和生理过程中发挥着重要作用，作为信号分子的前体、细胞膜结构成分和能量储备中的脂质成分。脂肪酸在脂肪细胞甘油三酯中的长期储存为生长中的胎儿提供了结构和功能不同的脂肪酸，对发育和代谢健康有不同的影响。脂肪组织样本取自6只怀孕母羊和6个胎儿的肾周、网膜、纵隔、肠系膜、皮下和眶周。使用QuPath和adipocyte Tools进行脂肪细胞大小的组织学分析，并采用气相色谱-质谱法分析FA成分。主成分分析用于鉴定分离母体和胎儿组织的FA谱的模式。对脂肪细胞大小分布的分析显示，母羊的脂肪细胞明显大于胎儿。母体肾周和网膜脂肪组织中含有的细胞最多。单不饱和脂肪酸和具有生物活性的长链n-3和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸在胎儿组织中含量较多，而饱和脂肪酸在母体组织中含量较多。综上所述，胎儿和母体脂肪组织在形态和FA组成上存在显著差异，反映了它们不同的功能作用。虽然胎儿FA组成受到胎胎盘FA转移的严重影响，并且观察到的FA模式与胎儿内源性代谢过程一致，但需要进一步的转录组学数据来进行更详细的代谢解释。尽管如此，这些发现可能反映了这种反刍动物模型中胎儿的一定程度的代谢独立性，并有助于为未来的转化研究提出假设。

{"title":"Maternal peripartum and fetal perirenal and omental adipose tissue dynamics: Analysis of fatty acid composition and adipocyte morphology in sheep","authors":"Jerry Nguyen , Minna Holopainen , Reijo Käkelä , Panu Kiviranta , Juha Räsänen , Heikki Huhta , Ella Vuoti , Anne-Mari Mustonen , Petteri Nieminen , Sanna Palosaari , Petri Lehenkari","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fatty acids (FAs) play essential roles in fetal development and physiological processes, serving as precursors for signaling molecules, structural components of cellular membranes, and components of lipids in energy reserves. The long-term storage of FAs in adipocyte triacylglycerols provides the growing fetus with structurally and functionally different FAs, which have diverse effects on developmental and metabolic health.</div><div>Adipose tissue samples were obtained from perirenal, omental, mediastinal, mesenteric, subcutaneous, and periorbital depots of six pregnant ewes and six fetuses. Histological analysis of adipocyte sizes was performed using the QuPath and Adipocyte Tools, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was employed to analyze FA compositions. Principal component analysis was utilized to identify patterns in FA profiles separating maternal and fetal tissues.</div><div>Analysis of adipocyte size distribution revealed significantly larger adipocytes in ewes compared with fetuses. Maternal perirenal and omental adipose tissues contained the largest cells. Monounsaturated FAs and biologically active long-chain n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated FAs were more abundant in fetal tissues, while saturated FAs were more abundant in maternal tissues.</div><div>In conclusion, fetal and maternal adipose tissues demonstrated significant differences in morphology and FA composition, reflecting their distinct functional roles. While fetal FA composition is heavily influenced by fetoplacental FA transfer, and the observed FA patterns are consistent with endogenous metabolic processing in fetuses, further transcriptomic data will be required for more detailed metabolic interpretation. Still, these findings could reflect a degree of metabolic independence of fetuses in this ruminant model and help generate hypotheses for future translational studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 102725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association between n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 美国儿童和青少年n-6多不饱和脂肪酸摄入与注意缺陷多动障碍之间的关系：来自NHANES的横断面研究

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102716

Lijin Wang , Qin Wang , Ling Li

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among US children and adolescents based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 6077 children and adolescents using data from NHANES conducted between 2013 and 2020. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between dietary n-6 PUFAs and ADHD. To further examine linearity and explore the shape of the dose-response relationship, restricted cubic splines were utilized. Additionally, we conducted stratified and interaction analyses to determine if the relationship remained consistent across different subgroups.

Results

Among 6077 participants, 267 (4.4 %) were diagnosed with ADHD. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with individuals in the lowest tertile (T1, < 304.88 mg/kg/d) of n-6 PUFA intake, those in the second tertile (T2, 304.88–537.81 mg/kg/d) demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.55 (95 % CI: 1.26–1.92; p < 0.001) for ADHD. In contrast, participants in the highest tertile (T3, > 537.81 mg/kg/d) had an adjusted OR of 1.08 (95 % CI: 0.79–1.48; p = 0.625) .Furthermore, a significant non-linear association was observed between n-6 PUFA intake and ADHD risk (p = 0.002). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of these findings.

Conclusion

Dietary n-6 PUFA intake exhibits a non-monotonic relationship with ADHD risk in US children, peaking in the middle exposure range (304.88–537.81 mg/kg/day) without significant risk at highest intakes.

目的：基于美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）数据，研究美国儿童和青少年饮食中n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）摄入与注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的关系。方法：我们使用2013年至2020年NHANES的数据对6077名儿童和青少年进行了横断面分析。采用多变量logistic回归模型评估膳食n-6 PUFAs与ADHD之间的关系。为了进一步检验线性和探索剂量-响应关系的形状，我们使用了受限三次样条。此外，我们进行了分层和相互作用分析，以确定不同亚组之间的关系是否保持一致。结果：在6077名参与者中，267人（4.4%）被诊断为多动症。在对潜在混杂因素进行校正后，与n-6 PUFA摄入量最低分位（T1, < 304.88 mg/kg/d）的个体相比，第二分位（T2, 304.88-537.81 mg/kg/d）的个体ADHD的校正优势比（OR）为1.55 （95% CI: 1.26-1.92; p < 0.001）。相比之下，最高分位数（T3, bb0 537.81 mg/kg/d）的参与者的调整OR为1.08 （95% CI: 0.79-1.48; p = 0.625）。此外，n-6 PUFA摄入量与ADHD风险之间存在显著的非线性关联（p = 0.002）。亚组分析和敏感性分析支持这些发现的稳健性。结论：膳食n-6 PUFA摄入量与美国儿童ADHD风险呈非单调关系，在中等暴露范围（304.88-537.81 mg/kg/天）达到峰值，最高摄入量时无显著风险。

{"title":"The association between n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study from NHANES","authors":"Lijin Wang , Qin Wang , Ling Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among US children and adolescents based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 6077 children and adolescents using data from NHANES conducted between 2013 and 2020. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between dietary n-6 PUFAs and ADHD. To further examine linearity and explore the shape of the dose-response relationship, restricted cubic splines were utilized. Additionally, we conducted stratified and interaction analyses to determine if the relationship remained consistent across different subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 6077 participants, 267 (4.4 %) were diagnosed with ADHD. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with individuals in the lowest tertile (T1, < 304.88 mg/kg/d) of n-6 PUFA intake, those in the second tertile (T2, 304.88–537.81 mg/kg/d) demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.55 (95 % CI: 1.26–1.92; p < 0.001) for ADHD. In contrast, participants in the highest tertile (T3, > 537.81 mg/kg/d) had an adjusted OR of 1.08 (95 % CI: 0.79–1.48; p = 0.625) .Furthermore, a significant non-linear association was observed between n-6 PUFA intake and ADHD risk (p = 0.002). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of these findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dietary n-6 PUFA intake exhibits a non-monotonic relationship with ADHD risk in US children, peaking in the middle exposure range (304.88–537.81 mg/kg/day) without significant risk at highest intakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Excess maternal vitamin B12 supplementation increases oxidative stress and differentially influences fatty acids profile in a rat model 在大鼠模型中，过量的母体维生素B12补充会增加氧化应激并对脂肪酸谱产生不同的影响。

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102715

Sunaina Chhetri, Nisha Kemse, Juhi Nema, Sadhana Joshi

Vitamin B₁₂ status during pregnancy is an important determinant for non-communicable disease risk in later life. Vitamin B₁₂ and fatty acid are interlinked in one carbon cycle. The effect of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency on adverse pregnancy outcomes and fatty acid status is well known. However, the effects of excess vitamin B₁₂ supplementation during pregnancy are less explored. This study investigates the influence of prenatal excess vitamin B₁₂ supplementation on pregnancy outcome, fatty acids, oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiometabolic variables in Wistar rats. Female rats were divided (pre-pregnancy to pregnancy) into 3 groups as control (0.375 μg/day of vitamin B₁₂), intermediate group (1.5 μg/day) and excess group (120 μg/day). At d20 of gestation, dams were sacrificed to collect blood and placenta for biochemical estimation. We found higher plasma vitamin B₁₂ levels in the intermediate group and excess group (p < 0.01 for both), while folate and homocysteine levels were found to be similar across groups. The pregnancy outcome was similar between groups. We found higher erythrocyte saturated fatty acids, lower omega-6 fatty acids, omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio, and Δ5 desaturase index (p < 0.05 for all) in excess group in comparison with the control group. In comparison with the control group, higher placental Δ6 desaturase index (p < 0.05) and plasma malondialdehyde levels were found (p < 0.01) in excess group. Our study demonstrates that supplementation of excess maternal vitamin B₁₂ during pregnancy leads to increased oxidative stress and differentially influences various fatty acid levels.

怀孕期间维生素B12状况是晚年罹患非传染性疾病风险的一个重要决定因素。维生素B12和脂肪酸在一个碳循环中相互联系。维生素B12缺乏对不良妊娠结局和脂肪酸状态的影响是众所周知的。然而，怀孕期间过量补充维生素B12的影响却很少被探索。本研究探讨了产前过量补充维生素B12对Wistar大鼠妊娠结局、脂肪酸、氧化应激、炎症和心脏代谢指标的影响。将雌性大鼠（孕前至妊娠）分为对照组（0.375 μg/d）、中间组（1.5 μg/d）和过量组（120 μg/d）。在妊娠第20 d时处死母鼠采集血液和胎盘进行生化评估。我们发现，中间组和过量组的血浆维生素B12水平较高（p < 0.01），而叶酸和同型半胱氨酸水平在各组之间相似。两组间妊娠结局相似。结果发现，与对照组相比，过量组红细胞饱和脂肪酸升高，omega-6脂肪酸、omega-6/omega-3脂肪酸比值和Δ5去饱和酶指数均降低（p < 0.05）。过量组胎盘Δ6去饱和酶指数（p < 0.05）和血浆丙二醛水平均高于对照组（p < 0.01）。我们的研究表明，在怀孕期间补充过量的维生素B12会导致氧化应激增加，并对各种脂肪酸水平产生不同的影响。

{"title":"Excess maternal vitamin B12 supplementation increases oxidative stress and differentially influences fatty acids profile in a rat model","authors":"Sunaina Chhetri, Nisha Kemse, Juhi Nema, Sadhana Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status during pregnancy is an important determinant for non-communicable disease risk in later life. Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> and fatty acid are interlinked in one carbon cycle. The effect of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> deficiency on adverse pregnancy outcomes and fatty acid status is well known. However, the effects of excess vitamin B<sub>12</sub> supplementation during pregnancy are less explored. This study investigates the influence of prenatal excess vitamin B<sub>12</sub> supplementation on pregnancy outcome, fatty acids, oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiometabolic variables in Wistar rats. Female rats were divided (pre-pregnancy to pregnancy) into 3 groups as control (0.375 μg/day of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>), intermediate group (1.5 μg/day) and excess group (120 μg/day). At d20 of gestation, dams were sacrificed to collect blood and placenta for biochemical estimation. We found higher plasma vitamin B<sub>12</sub> levels in the intermediate group and excess group (<em>p</em> < 0.01 for both), while folate and homocysteine levels were found to be similar across groups. The pregnancy outcome was similar between groups. We found higher erythrocyte saturated fatty acids, lower omega-6 fatty acids, omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio, and Δ5 desaturase index (<em>p</em> < 0.05 for all) in excess group in comparison with the control group. In comparison with the control group, higher placental Δ6 desaturase index (<em>p</em> < 0.05) and plasma malondialdehyde levels were found (<em>p</em> < 0.01) in excess group. Our study demonstrates that supplementation of excess maternal vitamin B<sub>12</sub> during pregnancy leads to increased oxidative stress and differentially influences various fatty acid levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102715"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between fatty acids providing support for n-3 and n-6 pathways are strongest in pregnant Indian vegetarians compared with pregnant Australian omnivores 提供n-3和n-6通路支持的脂肪酸在怀孕的印度素食者中比在怀孕的澳大利亚杂食动物中最强

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102714

Michael Mugford , Bridget M Arman , Kishore Kumar , Rohini S Kaluve , Dang Xuan Anh Tran , Karen Best , Lisa N Yelland , Maria Makrides , Robert A Gibson

Exclusion of meat and fish from the diet can lead to low levels of omega-3 (n-3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), leaving the body reliant on dietary intake of n-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA) for endogenous conversion. This study compared dried blood spot fatty acid profiles from a large cohort of pregnant Indian women in Bengaluru, Karnataka, with self-reported vegetarian (n = 332) or omnivorous (n = 691) diets in the first trimester, to those of pregnant Australian women (n = 454) at a similar gestational age. Indian vegetarians and omnivores showed similar fatty acid profiles in dried blood spots but both had markedly lower n-3 fatty acids (mean total n-3 values: Indian 2.01% and 2.36% of total fatty acids respectively; 4.75% in Australian) with ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid all less than half the Australian values. Both Indian groups also had lower arachidonic acid levels (mean 7.65% and 7.91% respectively, vs 8.50% in Australian omnivores), and higher linoleic acid levels (mean 22.53% and 22.41% respectively, vs 19.96% in Australian omnivores) compared with the Australian participants. In general, the relationships between n-3 fatty acids were stronger in Indian vegetarians than Indian omnivores, and weakest in Australian omnivores. These findings suggest that regardless of diet, Indian women in early pregnancy have lower n-3 LCPUFA status than Australian pregnant women. Our data are consistent with the idea that increasing intake of n-3 ALA-rich oils and reducing n-6 linoleic acid-rich oils in the diet of Indian women could be an efficient way of increasing their n-3 LCPUFA status.

Clinical trial registrations

ORIP, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12613001142729; BORN, Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2020/08/027146.

从饮食中排除肉类和鱼类会导致omega-3 （n-3）长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFAs）水平降低，使身体依赖于饮食摄入n-3 α-亚麻酸（ALA）进行内源性转化。这项研究比较了来自卡纳塔克邦班加罗尔的一大批印度孕妇的干血斑脂肪酸谱，这些孕妇在妊娠早期自称为素食（n = 332）或杂食性（n = 691），而澳大利亚孕妇（n = 454）在相似的胎龄。印度素食者和杂食动物在干血斑中表现出相似的脂肪酸分布，但两者的n-3脂肪酸含量都明显较低（平均总n-3值：印度分别占总脂肪酸的2.01%和2.36%，澳大利亚占4.75%），ALA、二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸均不到澳大利亚的一半。与澳大利亚参与者相比，两组印度人的花生四烯酸水平也较低（平均分别为7.65%和7.91%，而澳大利亚杂食动物为8.50%），亚油酸水平较高（平均分别为22.53%和22.41%，而澳大利亚杂食动物为19.96%）。总的来说，印度素食者的n-3脂肪酸之间的关系强于印度杂食者，而澳大利亚杂食者的n-3脂肪酸之间的关系最弱。这些发现表明，无论饮食如何，怀孕早期的印度妇女的n-3 LCPUFA水平低于澳大利亚孕妇。我们的数据与增加印度妇女饮食中富含n-3 ala的油的摄入和减少n-6亚油酸的油的摄入可能是提高她们n-3 LCPUFA状态的有效方法一致。临床试验注册sorip，澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册号，ACTRN12613001142729；BORN, Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2020/08/027146。

{"title":"Associations between fatty acids providing support for n-3 and n-6 pathways are strongest in pregnant Indian vegetarians compared with pregnant Australian omnivores","authors":"Michael Mugford , Bridget M Arman , Kishore Kumar , Rohini S Kaluve , Dang Xuan Anh Tran , Karen Best , Lisa N Yelland , Maria Makrides , Robert A Gibson","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exclusion of meat and fish from the diet can lead to low levels of omega-3 (n-3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), leaving the body reliant on dietary intake of n-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA) for endogenous conversion. This study compared dried blood spot fatty acid profiles from a large cohort of pregnant Indian women in Bengaluru, Karnataka, with self-reported vegetarian (<em>n</em> = 332) or omnivorous (<em>n</em> = 691) diets in the first trimester, to those of pregnant Australian women (<em>n</em> = 454) at a similar gestational age. Indian vegetarians and omnivores showed similar fatty acid profiles in dried blood spots but both had markedly lower n-3 fatty acids (mean total n-3 values: Indian 2.01% and 2.36% of total fatty acids respectively; 4.75% in Australian) with ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid all less than half the Australian values. Both Indian groups also had lower arachidonic acid levels (mean 7.65% and 7.91% respectively, vs 8.50% in Australian omnivores), and higher linoleic acid levels (mean 22.53% and 22.41% respectively, vs 19.96% in Australian omnivores) compared with the Australian participants. In general, the relationships between n-3 fatty acids were stronger in Indian vegetarians than Indian omnivores, and weakest in Australian omnivores. These findings suggest that regardless of diet, Indian women in early pregnancy have lower n-3 LCPUFA status than Australian pregnant women. Our data are consistent with the idea that increasing intake of n-3 ALA-rich oils and reducing n-6 linoleic acid-rich oils in the diet of Indian women could be an efficient way of increasing their n-3 LCPUFA status.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registrations</h3><div>ORIP, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12613001142729; BORN, Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2020/08/027146.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Admission plasma levels of fatty acids and kidney function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction st段抬高型心肌梗死患者入院时血浆脂肪酸水平与肾功能的关系。

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102712

Christa Meisinger , Timo Schmitz , Philip Raake , Jakob Linseisen

Background

Prior studies suggested a link between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the development of chronic kidney disease (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²), but so far there are no studies on the association between PUFAs and kidney function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to investigate whether and how plasma fatty acids levels at admission were associated with kidney function in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods

This study was based on data from 717 patients with STEMI aged 29 to 98 years admitted to the University Hospital Augsburg between May 2009 and July 2013. In arterial blood samples taken from these patients immediately after admission a panel of plasma fatty acids was measured by a high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform (Nightingale Health, Finland). To examine the association between the fatty acid groups (exposure) and kidney function (continuous eGFR; outcome), linear regression models were calculated. P values were FDR-adjusted.

Results

In multivariable analyses the concentrations of total PUFAs, total omega-6 fatty acids, linoleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were positively associated with serum eGFR values at admission. These findings were supported by a significantly positive association between these fatty acids in relation to total fatty acids (except for the ratio DHA/total fatty acids). While the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) was not associated with eGFR, a significantly inverse association was observed between the ratio MUFAs/total fatty acids and kidney function.

Conclusions

PUFAs, particularly omega-6 fatty acids, seem to be associated with kidney function in patients with AMI. Given the prognostic importance of renal function in coronary heart disease/AMI patients, further research on interventions to minimize worsening renal function and protect kidney function in this patient group is warranted.

背景：先前的研究表明多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）与慢性肾脏疾病（肾小球滤过率[GFR] < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²）的发展有关，但到目前为止还没有关于急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者PUFAs与肾功能之间关系的研究。我们的目的是研究入院时血浆脂肪酸水平是否以及如何与急性st段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者的肾功能相关。方法：本研究基于2009年5月至2013年7月奥格斯堡大学医院收治的717例29至98岁STEMI患者的数据。在这些患者入院后立即采集的动脉血液样本中，通过高通量核磁共振波谱平台测量血浆脂肪酸组（Nightingale Health, Finland）。为了检查脂肪酸组（暴露）与肾功能（连续eGFR；结果）之间的关系，计算了线性回归模型。P值经fdr校正。结果：在多变量分析中，总PUFAs、总omega-6脂肪酸、亚油酸和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的浓度与入院时血清eGFR值呈正相关。这些发现得到了这些脂肪酸与总脂肪酸之间显著正相关关系的支持（除了DHA/总脂肪酸的比例）。虽然单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）的浓度与eGFR无关，但MUFAs/总脂肪酸的比值与肾功能呈显著负相关。结论：PUFAs，特别是omega-6脂肪酸，似乎与AMI患者的肾功能有关。鉴于肾功能对冠心病/急性心肌梗死患者预后的重要性，有必要进一步研究干预措施，以尽量减少肾功能恶化，保护该患者组的肾功能。

{"title":"Admission plasma levels of fatty acids and kidney function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","authors":"Christa Meisinger , Timo Schmitz , Philip Raake , Jakob Linseisen","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prior studies suggested a link between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the development of chronic kidney disease (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²), but so far there are no studies on the association between PUFAs and kidney function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to investigate whether and how plasma fatty acids levels at admission were associated with kidney function in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was based on data from 717 patients with STEMI aged 29 to 98 years admitted to the University Hospital Augsburg between May 2009 and July 2013. In arterial blood samples taken from these patients immediately after admission a panel of plasma fatty acids was measured by a high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform (Nightingale Health, Finland). To examine the association between the fatty acid groups (exposure) and kidney function (continuous eGFR; outcome), linear regression models were calculated. P values were FDR-adjusted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In multivariable analyses the concentrations of total PUFAs, total omega-6 fatty acids, linoleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were positively associated with serum eGFR values at admission. These findings were supported by a significantly positive association between these fatty acids in relation to total fatty acids (except for the ratio DHA/total fatty acids). While the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) was not associated with eGFR, a significantly inverse association was observed between the ratio MUFAs/total fatty acids and kidney function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PUFAs, particularly omega-6 fatty acids, seem to be associated with kidney function in patients with AMI. Given the prognostic importance of renal function in coronary heart disease/AMI patients, further research on interventions to minimize worsening renal function and protect kidney function in this patient group is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145395424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying the differential relationship between red blood cell docosahexaenoic acid and cognition based on APOE-e4 carriership in multiple cohorts: illustration of an emerging statistical approach 基于APOE-e4携带者在多个队列中量化红细胞二十二碳六烯酸与认知之间的差异关系：一种新兴统计方法的说明

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102713

Nathan A. Ryder , Jason Westra , Aleix Sala-Vila , Jack Wolf , William S. Harris , Nathan L. Tintle

Evidence is mounting that red blood cell membrane levels of docosahexaeonic acid (DHA) are directly associated with improved cognitive performance, with emerging questions about whether this relationship may be stronger in some individuals vs. others, especially those at high genetic risk of cognitive impairment via the APOLIPOPROTEIN-E (APOE) ε4 allele. We investigated this relationship in n = 2158 participants without dementia from four separate cohorts (Offspring, Gen3, Omni I and Omni II) of the multi-cohort Framingham Heart Study, aged 50 to 70 years old. To demonstrate an emerging alternative of improved data sharing, we conducted the analysis using only cohort-level, summary data which is non-individually identifiable and easily shareable. We detected a statistically significant interaction between APOE-ε4 status and DHA in multivariable models adjusting for relevant demographic and medical history covariates and predicting cognitive impairment (p = 0.039). Stratified adjusted model results detected a stronger inverse association between cognitive impairment and DHA for APOE-ε4 carriers (-0.13; 95 % CI: (-0.20, -0.06) minutes per 1 % increase in DHA), as compared to non-carriers (-0.06; 95 % CI: (-0.11, -0.02)), though both were statistically significant (p < 0.05). We also analyzed the data using two, standard, widely used statistical approaches (1) Individual level data analysis (identical results) and (2) standard meta-analysis (slightly weaker evidence of interaction; p = 0.047). Our analysis demonstrates not only the putative importance of DHA on cognition, especially among APOE-ε4 carriers, but the potential for an emerging class of data-sharing methods to accelerate the future pace of cross-cohort analyses by not requiring access to individual-level data.

越来越多的证据表明，红细胞膜二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）水平与认知能力的提高直接相关，但这种关系是否在某些个体中比在其他人中更强，特别是那些通过载脂蛋白e (APOE) ε4等位基因具有认知障碍高遗传风险的个体中，这一问题正在出现。我们在多队列Framingham心脏研究的4个独立队列（Offspring, Gen3， Omni I和Omni II）中n = 2158名无痴呆的参与者中调查了这种关系，这些参与者年龄在50至70岁之间。为了展示一种改进数据共享的新兴替代方案，我们仅使用非个人可识别且易于共享的队列水平汇总数据进行了分析。我们发现APOE-ε4状态与DHA在多变量模型中具有统计学意义的交互作用，调整了相关的人口统计学和病史协变量，并预测认知障碍（p = 0.039）。分层调整模型结果发现，APOE-ε4携带者的认知障碍与DHA之间存在更强的负相关（-0.13;95% CI:（-0.20, -0.06）分钟/ DHA增加1%），而非携带者（-0.06;95% CI:(-0.11, -0.02)），尽管两者均具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。我们还使用两种标准的、广泛使用的统计方法分析数据(1)个体水平数据分析（相同的结果）和(2)标准荟萃分析（相互作用的证据略弱；p = 0.047）。我们的分析不仅证明了DHA对认知的重要性，特别是在APOE-ε4携带者中，而且表明了一种新兴的数据共享方法的潜力，这种方法可以通过不需要访问个人水平的数据来加快跨队列分析的未来步伐。

{"title":"Quantifying the differential relationship between red blood cell docosahexaenoic acid and cognition based on APOE-e4 carriership in multiple cohorts: illustration of an emerging statistical approach","authors":"Nathan A. Ryder , Jason Westra , Aleix Sala-Vila , Jack Wolf , William S. Harris , Nathan L. Tintle","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence is mounting that red blood cell membrane levels of docosahexaeonic acid (DHA) are directly associated with improved cognitive performance, with emerging questions about whether this relationship may be stronger in some individuals vs. others, especially those at high genetic risk of cognitive impairment via the <em>APOLIPOPROTEIN-E</em> (<em>APOE</em>) <em>ε4</em> allele. We investigated this relationship in <em>n</em> = 2158 participants without dementia from four separate cohorts (Offspring, Gen3, Omni I and Omni II) of the multi-cohort Framingham Heart Study, aged 50 to 70 years old. To demonstrate an emerging alternative of improved data sharing, we conducted the analysis using only cohort-level, summary data which is non-individually identifiable and easily shareable. We detected a statistically significant interaction between <em>APOE-ε4</em> status and DHA in multivariable models adjusting for relevant demographic and medical history covariates and predicting cognitive impairment (<em>p</em> = 0.039). Stratified adjusted model results detected a stronger inverse association between cognitive impairment and DHA for <em>APOE-ε4</em> carriers (-0.13; 95 % CI: (-0.20, -0.06) minutes per 1 % increase in DHA), as compared to non-carriers (-0.06; 95 % CI: (-0.11, -0.02)), though both were statistically significant (<em>p</em> < 0.05). We also analyzed the data using two, standard, widely used statistical approaches (1) Individual level data analysis (identical results) and (2) standard meta-analysis (slightly weaker evidence of interaction; <em>p</em> = 0.047). Our analysis demonstrates not only the putative importance of DHA on cognition, especially among <em>APOE-ε4</em> carriers, but the potential for an emerging class of data-sharing methods to accelerate the future pace of cross-cohort analyses by not requiring access to individual-level data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0