The role of mast cells in asthma.

IF 2.9 4区 医学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids Pub Date : 2003-08-01 DOI:10.1016/s0952-3278(03)00081-4
Joshua A Boyce
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引用次数: 30

Abstract

While the role of mast cells in allergic reactions is unequivocal, their precise functions in asthma remain controversial. Mast cells uniquely populate all vascularized organs and tissues, including the upper and lower respiratory tree, even in healthy individuals. Histologic evidence suggests that asthma is accompanied by a mast cell hyperplasia in the inflamed mucosal epithelium and the adjacent smooth muscle. The mechanisms responsible for constitutive mast cell development have been partly elucidated. Moreover, both in vitro studies and in vivo disease models indicate that mast cells have a remarkably flexible program of gene expression, and this program can be drastically altered by the T-cell-derived Th2 cytokines relevant to asthma. Moreover, the role of mast cells in innate immunity is now firmly established, and the capacity for numerous microbial pathogens to initiate their activation in vitro and in vivo suggest mechanisms by which microbes could initiate disease exacerbations.

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肥大细胞在哮喘中的作用。
虽然肥大细胞在过敏反应中的作用是明确的,但它们在哮喘中的确切功能仍然存在争议。肥大细胞独特地分布在所有血管化的器官和组织中,包括上呼吸道和下呼吸道,即使在健康个体中也是如此。组织学证据提示哮喘伴炎性粘膜上皮及邻近平滑肌肥大细胞增生。构成型肥大细胞发育的机制已部分阐明。此外,体外研究和体内疾病模型都表明肥大细胞具有非常灵活的基因表达程序,并且该程序可以被t细胞衍生的与哮喘相关的Th2细胞因子彻底改变。此外,肥大细胞在先天免疫中的作用现在已经确定,许多微生物病原体在体外和体内激活肥大细胞的能力表明微生物可以引发疾病恶化的机制。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
6.70%
发文量
60
审稿时长
13.2 weeks
期刊介绍: The role of lipids, including essential fatty acids and their prostaglandin, leukotriene and other derivatives, is now evident in almost all areas of biomedical science. Cell membrane behaviour and cell signalling in all tissues are highly dependent on the lipid constituents of cells. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes & Essential Fatty Acids aims to cover all aspects of the roles of lipids in cellular, organ and whole organism function, and places a particular emphasis on human studies. Papers concerning all medical specialties are published. Much of the material is particularly relevant to the development of novel treatments for disease.
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